bar

bar¹
noun

a long rod or rigid piece of wood, metal, or similar material, typically used as an obstruction, fastening, or weapon
（木、金属等）长杆，棒（尤指用作障碍、系结物或武器）
■an amount of food or another substance formed into a regular narrow block
（食物等）块，条
a bar of chocolate.
一整块巧克力。
■a band of colour or light, especially on a flat surface
（尤指平面上颜色或光形成的）束，道
bars of sunlight shafting through the broken windows.
透过破窗射进来的一道道阳光。
■(Brit.)the heating element of an electric fire
(英)电炉供热电阻丝
■(the bar)the crossbar of a goal
球门横梁
■(Brit.)a metal strip below the clasp of a medal, awarded as an additional distinction
(英)（奖章扣下面表示特殊荣誉）金属勋带
■a sandbank or shoal at the mouth of a harbour or an estuary
沙洲，浅滩
■(Brit.)a rail marking the end of each chamber in the Houses of Parliament
(英)（议院中议员席末端的）围栏
■(Heraldry)a charge in the form of a narrow horizontal stripe across the shield
(纹章)（盾形纹章上）横条纹图记
a counter in a public house, restaurant, or cafe across which alcoholic drinks or refreshments are served
（酒吧、餐馆提供酒或食物的）柜台，吧台
■a room in a public house, restaurant, or hotel in which alcohol is served
（旅馆、餐馆或酒店中）酒吧间
■an establishment where alcohol and sometimes other refreshments are served
酒柜；餐柜
■[with modifier]a small shop or stall serving refreshments or providing a specified service
小食品店；食品柜；专柜
a sandwich bar.
三明治专柜。
■a specialized department in a large store
（大型商店里）专卖部
a barrier or restriction to an action or advance
障碍；限制
political differences are not necessarily a bar to a good relationship.
政见不同不一定成为建立良好关系的障碍。
(Music)any of the short sections or measures, typically of equal time value, into which a piece of music is divided, shown on a score by vertical lines across the stave
(乐)（尤指长短相同的）小节
■(chiefly N. Amer.). short for bar line
(主北美)。 bar line 的简称
(the bar)a partition in a court room, now usually notional, beyond which most people may not pass and at which an accused person stands
（法庭中的）法庭围栏；被告席
the prisoner at the bar.
被告席上的犯人。
■a similar partition in a legislative assembly
（立法会议上的）围栏
■a plea arresting an action or claim in a law case
（足以使诉讼中止的）抗辩
■a particular court of law
特殊法庭
(the Bar)the profession of barrister
出庭律师业
■(Brit.)barristers collectively
(英)［总称］出庭律师
■(N. Amer.)lawyers collectively
(北美)律师（总称）

(barred, barring)
[with obj.]

fasten (something, especially a door or window) with a bar or bars
（用横木）闩（门、窗等）
she bolts and bars the door.
她用门闩把门闩紧。
■(一般作 be barred)prevent or forbid the entrance, movement, or progress of
阻拦
all reporters were barred.
记者全被拦在门外。
boulders barred her passage.
巨石拦住了她的路。
■prohibit (someone) from doing something
禁止（某人做某事）
journalists had been barred from covering the elections.
新闻记者被禁止报导大选事件。
■forbid (an activity) to someone
禁止（某人）参加
the job she loved had been barred to her.
她被禁止参加所热爱的工作。
■exclude (something) from consideration
不予考虑
nothing is barred in the crime novel.
犯罪小说里没有什么是不予考虑的。
■(Law)prevent or delay (an action) by objection
(律)通过提出反对防止（或延迟）发生
(一般作 be barred)mark (something) with bars or stripes
做条纹标记
his face was barred with light.
他脸上映着一道道亮光。

preposition

(chiefly Brit.)except for; apart from
(主英)除了
everyone, bar a few ascetics, thinks it desirable.
除了几个苦行者，大家都认为不错。
■(Horse Racing, Brit.)except the horses indicated (used when stating the odds)
(赛马英)［用于表述几率］除了标明的马

常用词组
bar none

with no exceptions
所有，全部
the greatest living American poet bar none.
所有尚在人世的美国诗人中最伟大的一位。

be called (或 go) to the Bar

(Brit.)be admitted as a barrister
(英)取得律师资格

be called within the Bar

(Brit.)be appointed a Queen's Counsel
(英)被任命为王室法律顾问

behind bars

in prison
在监狱里

派生
barred
adjective

barred windows.
钉有栅栏的窗户。
[in combination]a five-barred gate.
一扇有五道栏杆的大门。

语源

Middle English : from Old French barre (noun), barrer (verb), of unknown origin

bar²
noun

a unit of pressure equivalent to a hundred thousand newtons per square metre or approximately one atmosphere
巴（压强单位，相当于每平方米十万牛顿，近1个大气压）

语源

early 20th cent.: from Greek baros 'weight'

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