bump

bump
noun

a light blow or a jolting collision
碰，撞
a nasty bump on the head.
猛撞了一下头。
■the dull sound of such a blow or collision
闷撞声
■(Aeronautics)a rising air current causing an irregularity in an aircraft's motion
(航空)（引起飞机颠簸的）上升气流
■(the bumps)(Brit. informal)the action of lifting a person by the arms and legs on their birthday and letting them down on to the ground, once for each year of their age
(英，非正式)（庆祝生日时按岁数计次）抬抛
the children were given the bumps.
孩子们被抬起上抛以庆祝他们的生日。
■(Rowing)(in races on narrow rivers where boats make a spaced start one behind another) the point at which a boat begins to overtake or touch the boat ahead, thereby defeating it and so being started ahead of it in the next race
(划船)赛船中（后船追前船轻撞其尾就算赢）的追撞
a protuberance on a level surface
结，瘤，包
bumps in the road.
路面上凸块。
■a swelling on the skin, especially one caused by illness or injury
肿块
■(dated or humorous)a prominence on a person's skull, formerly thought to indicate a particular mental faculty
(旧或幽默)（头盖骨）隆起（以前被认为是智慧和才能象征）
■such a faculty
能力，才能
making the most of his bump of direction.
最大限度利用他定方向的才能。
[mass noun]a loosely woven fleeced cotton fabric used in upholstery and as lining material
绒布

verb

[no obj.]knock or run into someone or something, typically with a jolt
碰，撞
I almost bumped into him.
我差点撞上他。
[with obj.]she bumped the girl with her hip.
她用屁股撞那女孩。
■(bump into)meet by chance
偶尔遇见，邂逅
we might just bump into each other.
我们真还可能碰见。
■[with obj.]hurt or damage (something) by striking or knocking it against something else
（通过撞击）伤害，毁坏
she bumped her head on the sink.
他头撞到水池受了伤。
■[with obj.]cause a collide with something
引起碰撞
she went through the door, bumping the bag against it.
她出门时把包撞在了门上。
■[with obj.](Rowing)(in a race) gain a bump against
(划船)（赛船中）赢得追撞
[no obj., with adverbial of direction]move or travel with much jolting and jarring
颠簸
the car bumped along the rutted track.
卡车在沟沟坎坎的路上颠簸前进。
■[with obj. and adverbial of direction]push (something) jerkily in a specified direction
颠簸着推向
she had to bump the pushchair down the steps.
她不得不一颠一颠地把婴儿车推下楼梯。
[with obj.]refuse (a passenger) on reserved place on an airline flight, typically because of deliberate overbooking by the airline
（多因超额）取消（旅客）订位
■(N. Amer.)cause to move from a job or position, especially in favour of someone else; displace
(北美)被迫让位于，被取代
she was bumped for a youthful model.
她被迫给年轻模特让位。

常用词组
be bumping along the bottom

reach the lowest point in performance or ranking without improving or deteriorating further
低谷徘徊，盘旋谷底
the economy was still bumping along the bottom.
经济形势仍然低迷。

with a bump

suddenly and shockingly (especially of an unpleasant or disillusioning surprise)
突然地，震惊地
the scandal brought them down to earth with a bump.
丑闻让他们一下子从幻想中清醒过来。

语源

mid 16th cent. (as a verb): imitative, perhaps of Scandinavian origin

继承用法
bump someone off

(informal)murder someone
(非正式)谋杀某人

bump something up

(informal)make something larger
(非正式)使…变大
the hotel may well bump up the bill.
旅馆可能多开账。

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