close

close1
[kləʊs]
adjective
  1. only a short distance away or apart in space or time
    （空间，时间）近的，接近的，靠近的
    the hotel is close to the sea.
    宾馆靠近大海。
    her birthday and her wedding date were close together.
    她的生日和结婚纪念日离得很近。
    why don't we go straight to the shops, as we're so close?.
    离得那么近，为什么不直接去商店呢？。
    the months of living in close proximity to her were taking their toll.
    几个月来和她近距离生活让他们付出了代价。
    ■with very little or no space in between; dense
    紧密的；密集的
    cloth with a closer weave.
    织得更密的布料。
    this work occupies over 1,300 pages of close print.
    这部作品密密麻麻印了1,300多页。
    ■[predic.](close to)very near to (being or doing something)
    接近，快要（成为，做…）
    on a good day the climate in LA is close to perfection.
    遇上好天，洛杉矶的气候接近完美。
    she was close to tears.
    她快要哭了。
    ■(of a competitive situation) won or likely to be won by only a small amount or distance
    （竞争）势均力敌的，不相上下的
    the race will be a close contest.
    这场赛跑将是场势均力敌的比赛。
    ■[attrib.](of a final position in a competition) very near to the competitor immediately in front
    （竞赛成绩）接近前者的
    she finished a close second.
    她以微弱的分差属居第二。
    ■(Phonetics). another term for high (sense 7)
    (语音)。 同high （义项7）
  2. [attrib.]denoting a family member who is part of a person's immediate family, typically a parent or sibling
    直系（尤指父母，兄弟姐妹）的
    the family history of cancer in close relatives.
    家族直系亲属癌症史。
    ■(of a person or relationship) on very affectionate or intimate terms
    （人，关系）亲密的，密切的
    they had always been very close, with no secrets at all.
    他们无话不说，一向很亲密。
    ■(of a connection or resemblance) strong
    （关联）密切的，（相似度）强的
    the college has close links with many other institutions.
    学院和许多其他机构有密切关联。
  3. (of observation, examination, etc.) done in a careful and thorough way
    （观察、检查等）密切的，周全的
    we need to keep a close eye on this project.
    我们需密切关注这项工程。
    pay close attention to what your body is telling you about yourself.
    好好注意你身体表现出的有关自身的信息。
    ■carefully guarded
    被严守的
    his whereabouts are a close secret.
    他的下落是个被严守的秘密。
    ■not willing to give away money or information; secretive
    不情愿给的，吝啬的；小气的；秘密的
    you're very close about your work, aren't you?.
    你很不愿意谈论你的工作，是吗？。
  4. uncomfortably humid or airless
    潮湿的；气闷的
    a close, hazy day.
    一个闷湿，起雾的日子。
    it was very close in the dressing room.
    更衣室里很闷。
adverb
  1. in a position so as to be very near to someone or something; with very little space between
    接近，紧
    they stood close to the door.
    他们站在门的近旁。
    he was holding her close.
    他紧紧地抱着她。
noun
  1. an enclosed space, in particular
    围起的空间，尤指
    ■[often in names](Brit.)a residential street without through access
    (英)巷子
    she lives at 12 Goodwood Close.
    她住在古德伍德巷12号。
    ■(Brit.)the precinct surrounding a cathedral
    (英)大教堂四周的围地
    ■(Brit.)a playing field at certain traditional English public schools
    (英)英国某些传统公学的操场
    ■(Scottish)an entry from the street to a common stairway or to a court at the back of a building
    (苏格兰)（街道和公用楼梯或后院间的）通路，入口
常用词组
close by
  1. very near; nearby
    靠近；附近
    her father lives quite close by.
    她爸爸住得很近。
close on(或 close to)
  1. (of an amount) almost; very nearly
    （数量）几乎；几近
    he spent close to 30 years in jail.
    他在牢里过了近30年。
close to the bone
  1. 见 bone
close to one's heart
  1. 见 heart
close to home
  1. 见 home
close up
  1. very near
    靠近
    close up she was no less pretty.
    靠近了看，她也很漂亮。
come close
  1. almost achieve or do
    几乎要，差一点做
    he came close to calling the Prime Minister a liar.
    他差一点就开口骂首相是个骗子。
run someone close
  1. almost match the standards or level of achievement of someone else
    几乎赶上（某人的标准，水平）
    the Germans ran Argentina close in the 1986 World Cup final.
    1986年世界杯决赛中德国队差点追平阿根廷队。
too close for comfort
  1. dangerously or uncomfortably near
    近得危险；近得不适
    an issue being discussed with a sufferer may be too close for comfort to the counsellor's personal experience.
    与受害者讨论问题对顾问的个人体验来说可能近得太不适了。
派生
closely
adverb
closeness
noun
closish
adjective
语源
  1. Middle English: from Old French clos (as noun and adjective), from Latin clausum 'enclosure' and clausus 'closed', past participle of claudere
close2
[kləʊz]
verb
  1. move or cause to move so as to cover an opening
    （使）关闭
    [no obj.]she jumped on to the train just as the doors were closing.
    正当车门要关闭时她跳上了火车。
    [with obj.]they had to close the window because of the insects.
    因为这些昆虫，他们不得不关闭窗户。
    ■[with obj.]block up (a hole or opening)
    封闭（洞口，开口）
    glass doors close off the living room from the hall.
    几扇玻璃门将起居室封闭于门厅之外。
    Stephen closed his ears to the sound.
    斯蒂芬对这声音充耳不闻。
    ■[with obj.]bring two parts of (something) together so as to block its opening or bring it into a folded state
    闭合
    Loretta closed her mouth.
    洛雷塔闭上了嘴。
    Rex closed the book.
    雷克斯合上了书。
    ■[no obj.]gradually get nearer to someone or something
    接近，靠近
    he tried to walk faster, but each time the man closed up on him again.
    他试着加快脚步，可每次那人总又紧跟上来。
    ■[no obj.](close around/over)come into contact with (something) so as to encircle and hold it
    包围，抱，握
    my fist closed around the weapon.
    我拳头里握着武器。
    ■[with obj.]make (an electric circuit) continuous
    接通（电路）
    this will cause a relay to operate and close the circuit.
    这会使继电器工作以接通电路。
  2. bring or come to an end
    （使）结束
    [with obj.]the members were thanked for attending and the meeting was closed.
    在谢过会员的参加后，会议结束了。
    [no obj.]the concert closed with ‘Silent Night’.
    音乐会以一曲《平安夜》结束。
    [as adj. closing]the closing stages of the election campaign.
    竞选活动的收尾阶段。
    ■[no obj.](of a business, organization, or institution) cease to be in operation or accessible to the public, either permanently or at the end of a working day or other period of time
    （商业部门，组织，机构）关门，关闭，歇业，停业
    the factory is to close with the loss of 150 jobs.
    这家工厂即将关闭，150人即将失业。
    [with obj.]a hoax call which closed the city's stations for 4 hours.
    使市内所有车站歇业四小时的假报警电话。
    ■[no obj.]finish speaking or writing
    结束讲话；结束写作
    we close with a point about truth.
    我们以对真相的论述结束讲话。
    [as adj. closing]Nellie's closing words.
    内利的结束语。
    ■[with obj.]bring (a business transaction) to a satisfactory conclusion
    成交（买卖）
    he closed a deal with a metal dealer and walked away with millions of francs.
    他与一金属商谈成了生意，赚了几百万法郎离去。
    ■[with obj.]remove all the funds from (a bank or building society account) and cease to use it
    结清（银行账目，房屋互助协会账目）
    ■[with obj.](Computing)make (a data file) inaccessible after use, so that it is securely stored until required again
    (计算机)关闭（文件）
noun
[in sing.]
  1. the end of an event or of a period of time or activity
    （事件、时间段、活动的）结束，结尾，终结
    the afternoon drew to a close.
    下午就快结束了。
    ■(the close)the end of a day's trading on a stock market
    （股市一日的）收盘
    by the close the Dow Jones average was down 13.52 points at 2,759.84.
    收盘时道琼斯平均指数已到达2,759.84点，下降了13.52点。
    ■(the close)the end of a day's play in a cricket match
    （板球一日比赛的）终赛
    ■(Music)the conclusion of a phrase; a cadence
    (乐)短句结尾；收束
  2. the shutting of something, especially a door
    关闭（尤指关门）
    the door jerked to a close behind them.
    门在他们身后猛然关闭。
常用词组
close the door on (或 to)
  1. 见 door
close one's eyes to
  1. 见 eye
close one's mind to
  1. 见 mind
close ranks
  1. 见 rank
派生
closable
adjective
closer
noun
语源
  1. Middle English: from Old French clos-, stem of clore, from Latin claudere 'to shut'
继承用法
close something down (或 close down)
  1. cause to cease or cease business or operation, especially permanently
    （尤指永久）（使）停止营业（或运作），关闭
    the government promised to close down the nuclear plants within twenty years.
    政府许诺20年内关闭核电站。
    ■(close down)(Brit.)(of a broadcasting station) end transmission until the next day
    (英)（广播电台）结束当日播音
close in
  1. come nearer to someone being pursued
    逼近
    the police were closing in on them.
    警察正逼近他们。
    ■gradually surround, especially with the effect of hindering movement or vision
    包围；渐暗
    the weather has now closed in so an attempt on the summit is unlikely.
    天色已变，想要到达山顶是不可能的了。
    ■(of days) get successively shorter with the approach of the winter solstice
    （白天随冬至临近）渐短
    November was closing in.
    11月的白天越来越短了。
close something out
  1. (N. Amer.)bring something to an end
    (北美)停止，结束
    Steve tried to close out the conversation.
    史蒂夫试图结束交谈。
close up
  1. (of a person's face) become blank and emotionless or hostile
    （人脸）板起
    he didn't like her laughter and his face closed up angrily.
    他不喜欢她的笑声，因而生气地板起脸来。
close something up (或 close up)
  1. cause to cease or cease operation or being used
    使停止；使停歇；闲置
    the solicitor advised me to close the house up for the time being.
    律师建议我暂时闲置房子。
  2. (close up)(of an opening) grow smaller or become blocked by something
    （开口）变小；堵塞
    she felt her throat close up.
    她感到喉咙堵住了。
close with
  1. come near, especially so as to engage with (an enemy force)
    （尤指为与敌军交战）靠近，逼近
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