counterfactual
counterfactual
1. "Cold war historiography vividly illustrates how the selection of the counterfactual question to be asked generally anticipates the desired answer" (Timothy Garton Ash)
“冷战史学著作生动地描述了被选出作答的与事实相悖的问题是如何总是期待着满意的回答的”(提摩太·加顿·阿什)
2. Pain, as we use the term, obviously applies to pca in this possible world, but what about pain, as used by the people in this counterfactual world?
“疼”，按我们的术语使用，显然在这个可能世界也是用在某细胞活动上，在那个虚拟世界的人对‘疼’的使用来看，会如何呢？
3. upward counterfactual
上行反事实思维
4. downward counterfactual
下行反事实思维
5. 1. His lunatic counterfactual art is more appealing than the banal awfulness of the Reliable Sources.
他的疯癫的反现实的艺术比从可靠的来源得来的平凡的有威严的消息更能引起我们的兴趣。
6. There seems to be no parallel explanation of why it seems all or nothing for counterfactual identity.
似乎没有对为什么反事实的同一性的平行的解释。
7. An Investigation Survey on Children Counterfactual Thinking
儿童反事实思维研究综述
8. Cold war historiography vividly illustrates how the selection of the counterfactual question to be asked generally anticipates the desired answer(Timothy Garton Ash)
冷战史学著作生动地描述了被选出作答的与事实相悖的问题是如何总是期待着满意的回答的(提摩太 加顿 阿什)
9. Counterfactual The situation or condition which hypothetically may prevail for individuals, organizations, or groups were there no development intervention.
反事实 指某些情况或条件，对于不受活动影响的个人、机构 或群体，假设这些条件也可能存在。
10. counterfactual analysis
反事实分析
11. counterfactual sentence
反事实句,非真实句
12. counterfactual reasoning
反事实思维
13. Keywords counterfactual thinking;realist error;inhibition control;working memory;mental model;theory of mind;young children;
反事实思维;现实错误;抑制控制;工作记忆;心理模型;心理理论;幼儿;
14. Counterfactual thinking, which refers to a process of imagining alternative versions of actual events, appears to be a pervasive, perhaps even essential, feature of human consciousness.
反事实思维一旦产生，它就可能对一系列的判断与情感反应产生影响，其中包括因果归因、自我推理、同情与受害者赔偿、后悔与幸福等等。
15. The Relation between Counterfactual Thinking and Causal Reasoning
反事实思维与因果推理的关系
16. Two Theories in Counterfactual Thinking: Norm Theory Perspective and Goal-Directed Perspective
反事实思维两大理论:范例说和目标-指向说
17. Counterfactual thinking is a way of thinking in our everyday life, which influen ce causal reasoning and attribution.
反事实思维是人们日常生活中经常产生的一种思维方式,这种思维常常影响因果推理和归因。
18. Counterfactual thinking is a thinking activity of denying past events and meanwhile generating a possible hypothesis.
反事实思维是指个体对过去事件加以心理否定并构建出一种可能性假设的思维活动。
19. counterfactual conditional
反事实条件句
20. counterfactual method
反事实研究方法
21. Counterfactual statements are the building blocks of scientific thought and moral behavior.
反事实表达是科学思考、道德行为的基础。
22. On the other hand, this framework also partly explains the long-lasting differences between scenario experiment and field research on regret and counterfactual thinking.
同时，该框架部分地解释了长期存在于实验研究与现场研究中的假设思维所表现出的差异。
23. A lot of researcher explored the relation a nd mechanism between counterfactual and causal reasoning.
国外许多研究者对他们的关系以及影响因素和机制进行了研究。
24. Some historians, in historical practice, apply counterfactual method to inquire something possible in history.
在实际的历史写作中,部分历史学家运用反事实的方法,探究历史上的可能之事。
25. In chapters two and three I show that two of the most promising univocal accounts (the counterfactual theories of Hitchcock and Yablo) are subject to numerous counterexamples.
在朱熹心性论方面，第三章则以中和说的发展作为朱熹日后哲学体系的起点。
26. Counterfactual thinking is formed in two stages,i.e.activation stage and content stage,and has emotional and preparatory functions.
它的形成过程可分为激发阶段和内容形成阶段,其功能有情绪功能和准备功能等。
27. Counterfactual thinking is formed in two stages, i.e. activation stage and content stage, and has emotional and preparatory functions.
它的形成过程可分为激发阶段和内容形成阶段，其功能有情绪功能和准备功能等。
28. The Analysis of Children's Errors in Counterfactual Reasoning
幼儿反事实推理的错误源分析
29. These "If only" statements on what might have altered your outcome are all examples of counterfactual thinking, but they reflect two very different attitudes.
所有这些改变一切结果的“如果”都只是假设思维的例子，但是却反应了两种截然不同的态度。
30. Indirect Directives in Counterfactual Space-A Study from Cognitive- pragmatic Perspective
指令间接性与虚拟空间
31. In historical practice, some historians apply counterfactual method to inquire something possible in history.M.Heidegger also had a similar idea.
摘要在实际的历史写作中，部分历史学家运用反事实的方法，探究历史上的可能之事。
32. Applying quantile regression to counterfactual decomposition, this study provides new evidence on Taiwan's public sector wage premium which differs from the results of previous literature.
本研究是以分量迴归架构分析我国劳动市场公部门溢酬的首度尝试，提供了传统均数迴归模型无法呈现的观察角度。
33. The skill of creating counterfactual models is one of the parameters of pragmatic competence.
构建虚拟模型的技巧是言语者的语用能力的一部分。
34. Causal and counterfactual reasoning in model construction
模型构造中的因果推理和反事实条件推理
35. truth value at counterfactual worlds of the models, itsR -validity does not.
真值在模型的反事实的世界，它的R -有效性不。
36. The last chapter clarified definition .logic character and truth definition of counterfactual conditionals.
第四章着重评析了反事实条件句的定义、逻辑性质及真值定义。
37. And, not least, we understand how counterfactual sentences, like "I would have been better off had I not taken that drug," can be reasoned out algorithmically or inferred from data.
而且，不可忽视的是，我们理解了如何用算法的方法推理出，或从数据中的推断出像：“要是我吃了那个药，我会更好”这样反事实的句子。
38. An appraisal of theRumsfeld presidency must be left to counterfactual historians.
至于拉式是否适合接总统的班只能留给爱为历史做假设的学者们思考了。
39. The Scalar Implicatures of Counterfactual Reference Points
虚拟参照点的梯级含义功能
40. The Functions of Counterfactual Thoughts in Conversation
虚拟思维在会话中的功能
41. counterfactual model
虚拟模型
42. The Strategic Generation of Counterfactual Models and Its Pragmatic Functions
虚拟模型的构建策略及其语用功能
43. A related headache is proving the counterfactual: for example, nobody knows what last quarter's growth would have been without the $200bn-odd of the $787bn stimulus so far committed.
证明其无效也是个令人头痛的难题：比如说，谁也说不准，如果没有那先期投入的2000多亿美元，上季度美国经济会是怎样一番景象。
44. The Cognitive Force and Pragmatic Functions of Counterfactual Spaces in Poems
诗歌中虚拟空间的认知作用和语用功能
45. Not only is this counterfactual approach utterly unverifiable;it is also an ideal target for gaming.
这种不切实际的做法不仅根本无从证实，而且是弄虚作假的理想对象。
46. This decomposition is carried out by establishing a counterfactual where the industry is assumed to grow at the same rate as the national economy, with the share of imports keeping pace.
这种分解是建立在一种不现实的，假定工业增长率与国家经济及进口同步的假设上的。
47. 1. Predicting the future is a form of forward counterfactual thinking.
预测未来是一种事前反事实思考。
48. In the impossible counterfactual task, children show significant age difference, during the whole preshcool years, children have huge difficult in the impossible counterfactual task.
领域知识的主效应不显著，但是领域知识和年龄、领域知识和性别的交互作用均显著；
