cramp

cramp
noun

[mass noun]painful involuntary contraction of a muscle or muscles, typically caused by fatigue or strain
（多指疲倦或过度劳累导致的）痉挛，抽筋
an attack of cramp.
一阵痉挛。
[count noun]he suffered severe cramps in his foot.
他的脚抽筋得厉害。
■(cramps)(N. Amer.)abdominal pain caused by menstruation
(北美)（经期的）腹痛
a tool, typically shaped like a capital G, for clamping two objects together for gluing or other work
（形状多如大写G的）夹钳
■(亦作 cramp-iron)a metal bar with bent ends for holding masonry together
铁夹钳

verb

[with obj.]restrict or inhibit the development of
限制、阻止（发展）
tighter rules will cramp economic growth.
更严格的规定会束缚经济的发展。
[with obj.]fasten with a cramp or cramps
用夹子夹紧；用铁钳固定
cramp the gates to the posts.
把门固定在柱子上。
[no obj.]suffer from sudden and painful contractions of a muscle or muscles
抽筋；肌肉痉挛

常用词组
cramp someone's style

语源

late Middle English: from Middle Low German and Middle Dutch krampe; sense 1 of the noun is via Old French crampe

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