desert

desert¹
[dɪˈzəːt]
verb

[with obj.]abandon (a person, cause, or organization) in a way considered disloyal or treacherous
遗弃，背弃（人，事业，组织）
he deserted his wife and daughter and went back to England.
他遗弃妻女，返回了英格兰。
■[usu. as adj. deserted](of a number of people) leave (a place), causing it to appear empty
（一定数量的人）离弃（某地）
the lobby of the hotel was virtually deserted.
旅馆大厅里几乎没有什么人了。
■(of a quality or ability) fail (someone), especially at a crucial moment when most needed
（品质或能力在最需要时）舍弃，背离（某人）
her luck deserted her.
运气（在她最需要时）离她而去。
■[no obj.](Military)(of a soldier) illegally run away from military service
(军)（士兵）擅离职守

派生
desertion
noun
语源

late Middle English: from Old French deserter, from late Latin desertare, from Latin desertus 'left waste' (see desert)

desert²
[ˈdɛzət]
noun

a dry, barren area of land, especially one covered with sand, that is characteristically desolate, waterless, and without vegetation
沙漠
■a lifeless and unpleasant place, especially one comprising or covered with a specified substance
荒原，不毛之地
a desert of lead-mine spoil.
满是铅矿弃土的不毛之地。
■a situation or area considered dull and uninteresting
沉闷乏味的境况（或地区）；荒漠
a cultural desert.
文化荒漠。

adjective

[attrib.]like a desert
像沙漠的
overgrazing has created desert conditions.
过度放牧造成沙漠状况。
■uninhabited and desolate
无人居住的，荒凉的
desert wastes.
无人烟的荒地。

语源

Middle English: via Old French from late Latin desertum 'something left waste', neuter past participle of deserere 'leave, forsake'

desert³
[dɪˈzəːt]
noun

(一般作 deserts)a person's worthiness or entitlement to reward or punishment
应得的奖赏（或惩罚）
the penal system fails to punish offenders in accordance with their deserts.
这一刑罚制度无法做到根据违法者的违法行径惩罚他们。

常用词组
get (或 receive) one's just deserts

receive the appropriate reward or (more usually)　punishment for one's actions
值得受赏；应受惩罚
those who caused great torment to others rarely got their just deserts.
那些给他人带来巨大痛苦的人很少受到应受的惩罚。

语源

Middle English: via Old French from deservir 'serve well' (see deserve)

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