extracranial

extracranial

1. The abnormalities included quick than normal blood velocity(92.2%)and spectra of higher resistence extracranial artery(75.3%).

2%,异常形式主要是颅内外动脉血流速度增快(92。2%)和高阻型频谱(75。3%)TCD,对照组异常率为17。

2. Among 97 cases of large-artery atherosclerosis,28 cases(28.87%) were extracranial carotid arterial stenosis,58 cases were intracranial vessel stenosis.

97例大动脉粥样硬化型脑卒中患者中颅外段颈动脉狭窄28例(28.87%),颅内血管狭窄58例(59.79%)。

3. Preliminary clinical application of CT perfusion imaging in the evaluation of pre- and post-stenting in intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis

CT灌注成像在颅内外动脉狭窄支架置入术随访中的初步临床应用

4. MRA and CDS could not reveal the extracranial collateral circulation due to arterial occlusion.

MRA和CDS都不能显示动脉闭塞后的颅外侧支循环。

5. Median skull base corresponds to intracranial region of the brain stem, pituitary gland and adjacent several cranial nerves, ICA and cavernous sinus and extracranial structures include the sphenoid sinus and nasopharynx.

中间颅底颅内面撑托垂体、脑干、毗邻多组颅神经及重要血管，而且大部分中间颅底肿瘤对放疗化疗均不敏感，因此肿瘤彻底切除一直是颅底外科研究的热门课题。

6. His surgical approach involves placing the patient under local anesthesia, making a small vertical incision and suturing several of these extracranial arteries.

他的外科治疗方法包括：对患者施以局部麻醉，做一个小的垂直切口，缝合颅外血管中的某些血管。

7. The sensitivity and specificity of color ultrasound for the stenosis of extracranial carotid arteries were analyzed according to the golden standard of DSA results.

以DSA检查结果为标准，分析彩色多普勒超声检查对颈部血管狭窄的敏感性和特异性。

8. To minimize radiation fibrosis,accurate patient positioning and tumor relocalization are essential for gamma knife use in the liver and other extracranial sites.

伽玛刀治疗肝脏及其他颅外病变时要尽量减轻放射性纤维化,精确的肿瘤定位和患者体位摆放是关键。

9. To minimize radiation fibrosis, accurate patient positioning and tumor relocalization are essential for gamma knife use in the liver and other extracranial sites.

伽玛刀治疗肝脏及其他颅外病变时要尽量减轻放射性纤维化，精确的肿瘤定位和患者体位摆放是关键。

10. Title： Is Anticoagulant Therapy the Best Treatment Option for Extracranial Carotid Artery Dissection?

关键词：颈动脉;夹层分离;治疗;抗凝药;抗血小板药

11. In a review of the literature, there were 306 cases of cerebral radionecrosis in extracranial malignancies.

回顾文献，一共有 306 位颅外恶性肿瘤病患有放射线性坏死。

12. Direct percutaneous sinography well delineated the direct communication between the extracranial venous sac and the SSS.

因此，直接经皮穿刺窦内摄影才可见颅骨膜窦与颅内上矢状窦直接相交通。

13. A Study on the Anatomic Relationship between Parotid Gland with its Duct and Extracranial Section of Facial Nerve in Chinese

国人面神经颅外段与腮腺及其导管关系的解剖学研究

14. The occurrence of extracranial stenosis of CA is high, and the extent of stenosis is serious in patients with multiple and recurrent cerebral infarction.

多发脑梗死和复发脑梗死患者颈动脉颅外段狭窄发生率高,狭窄程度重。

15. extracranial pneumatocele

头皮下气瘤

16. Safety end points included symptomatic intracranial bleeding, major extracranial bleeding, and all-cause mortality.

安全性的评价包括有无颅内出血症状，颅内大出血和任何原因导致的死亡。

17. There was no difference in symptomatic ICH, but major extracranial bleeding was higher with enoxaparin.

对于出血症状两者没有差别，而颅外大出血在伊诺肝素组中较高。

18. Data Extraction: Two coauthors independently extracted information regarding interventions;participants;and occurrences of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, major extracranial bleeding, and death.

对抗血栓形成治疗的慎重选用对降低大多数房颤患者的卒中发生有重要意义。

19. upra-arch extracranial intracranial artery stenosis

弓上颅内外动脉狭窄

20. supra-arch extracranial artery stenosis

弓上颅外动脉狭窄

21. [2]Zhang X,Liu JM,Hong B,et al.Endovascular treatment of intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis using multiple stents placement[J].J Interv Radiol,2003,12(3):198-201.

张鑫,刘建民,洪波,等.多支架治疗颅内外动脉狭窄[J].介入放射学杂志,2003,12(3):198-201.

22. The application of medical imaging to the diagnosis of extracranial carotid artery stenosis and the follow-up of carotid endarterectomy

影像学在诊断颅外颈动脉狭窄及内膜切除术后随访中的应用

23. The Analysis of Clinical Factors Affecting the Survival of the Children with Malignant Extracranial Germinoma

影响儿童颅外恶性生殖细胞瘤生存率的临床因素分析

24. Management for extracranial pseudoaneurysm should be individualized, and all patients should be notified about the potential risks prior to surgical intervention or other forms of treatment.

总而言之，治疗的方式应该因人而异，且对于所有可能的风险必须于治疗前告知病患。

25. Keywords Chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency;Intracranial or extracranial arterial stenosis;Carotid color Doppler;TCD;

慢性脑供血不足;颅内外动脉狭窄;颈部血管彩色超声;经颅多普勒;

26. Their charts were reviewed and the relationship of extracranial malignancies to cerebral radionecrosis was investigated.

我们重新审视病历并探讨其与颅外恶性肿瘤之脑部放射线坏死的相关性。

27. Is Anticoagulant Therapy the Best Treatment Option for Extracranial Carotid Artery Dissection?

抗凝治疗是颅外段颈动脉夹层分离的最佳治疗选择吗?

28. Cyber-knife is an innovative stereotaxic radiosurgery instrument, extends the indications of stereotaxic radiosurgery from intracranial neoplasms to extracranial tumors and has a ...

指出:射波刀系统是革命性的立体定向放射外科设备,将适应证从头颈部肿瘤延伸到脊椎以及全身其他部位肿瘤,具有广阔的发展前景。

29. Objective To investigate the diagnostic values of color ultrasound to the stenosis of extracranial carotid arteries.

摘要目的研究彩色多普勒超声检查对颈部动脉狭窄的诊断价值。

30. Objective: To evaluate cerebral hemodynamics of pre-and post-arterial stenting for intracranial acid extracranial artery stenosis by CT perfusion imaging.

摘要目的：利用CT灌注成像评价颅内外动脉狭窄血管支架置入术前后的脑血流动力学改变。

31. Pseudoaneurysms of the extracranial internal carotid artery are rare.Most cases are caused by infection, trauma, and previous surgery.

摘要颅外内颈动脉的假性动脉瘤极为罕见，大部分因感染、外伤、及先前手术造成。

32. Follow-up study of the modified extracranial -intracranial bypass on the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease

改良颅内外血管吻合术治疗缺血性脑血管病五例

33. Methods Clinical data of 11 patients diagnosed as extracranial meningioma of head and face were analyzed retrospectively.

方法对11例头面邵颅外脑膜瘤的临床资料进行回顾性的分析、总结。

34. Methods The extracranial carotid arteries (ECA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) of 54 patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or cerebral infarction (CI) were examined with doppler ultrasound.

方法应用多普勒超声技术检测了54例短暂性脑缺血发作患者和45例脑梗塞患者的颅外段颈动脉和颅内大脑中动脉。

35. Methods Collected seven patients with extracranial tumer transfered from intracranial tumer proved by neuopathology,Therapy and Prognosis.

方法收集7例经手术病理知识证实为颅内原发性恶性肿瘤颅外转移患的临床特点、治疗及转归。

36. We report a case of extracranial fenestration detected by cerebral angiography, and analyze the embryologic pathogenesis and clinical significance of this variation.

本文报道1例经确诊为颅外型椎动脉窗式变异患者的全脑血管造影情况,并从胚胎学成因及临床意义方面进行分析和讨论。

37. One case report of extracranial vertebral aneurysm associated with neurofibromatosis

椎动脉颅外段动脉瘤合并神经纤维瘤一例报道

38. Anatomical Study of the Extracranial Segment of Vertebral Artery and Its Clinical Application

椎动脉颅外部的解剖学研究及其临床应用

39. There was no evidence of an extracranial non-Hodgkin lymphoma, so the conclusion was that this represented a primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).

目前还没有颅外非霍奇金淋巴瘤的证据，而且这是一个原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤(PCNSL)的患者。

40. Objective: To analyze the treatment measures and effects of otogenic intracranial and extracranial complications in 129 cases.

目的:分析129例耳源性颅内外并发症的治疗方法及效果。

41. Objective: To study the clinical feature of extracranial and intracranial complications caused by suppurative otitis media.

目的:探讨化脓性中耳炎引起颅内外并发症的临床特征。

42. Objective To summarize the short-term result and safety of treating symptomatic supra-arch extracranial artery stenosis with angioplasty and stenting.

目的总结血管内支架成形术治疗症状性弓上颅外动脉狭窄的短期疗效和安全性。

43. Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and rules of intracranial tumer transfer to extracranial.

目的探讨颅内肿瘤向颅外转移的临床特点及规律。

44. Objective To study the safety and feasibility of stent placement( SP) therapy for extracranial arterial stenosis and to observe its efficacy and complication.

目的观察支架置入(P)治疗颅外动脉狭窄的疗效及其并发症,探讨其安全性与可行性。

45. Keywords Dizziness;Color Doppler;Extracranial vertebra arteries;

眩晕症;彩色多普勒;椎动脉颅外段;

46. Correlation between transient ischemic attack and intracranial or extracranial artery stenosis

短暂性脑缺血发作与颅内外血管狭窄的关系

47. Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor,which accounts for10%of children's tumor.

神经母细胞瘤是儿童颅外最常见的实体瘤,占儿童肿瘤的10%。

48. Fenestration of the vertebral artery , different from duplication, is a rare vascular variation, which can be usually classified into extracranial, intracranial and extracranial-intracranial types.

窗式椎动脉是一种较为少见的血管变异,它与双椎动脉为两种不同的变异类型,通常可分为颅外型、内型和颅内-外型。

49. Extracranial repair

经蝶窦显微手术

50. Results As for the location of the tumor, 5 were in the orbit, 2 in the nasal cavity, 1 in the temporal fossa, 1 in the infratemporal fossa, and 2 in the extracranial parietooccipital part.

结果肿瘤病变部位：眶内5例，鼻腔2例，颜窝、颞下窝各1例，顶枕部2例。

51. Results: Of the 70 cases, 47 (67%) had a single complication, of which eight (11%) had intracranial and 39 (56%) had extracranial complications.Twenty-three (33%) had two or more complications.

结果：在70例患者中，47个（67%）有单项并发症，其中颅内并发症8个（11%）颅外并发症39个（56%）。

52. CONCLUSION: The major factors of TIA are atherosclerosis, intracranial or extracranial vascular stenosis, and number and quality of carotid artery plaque.

结论:TIA的血管因素主要为脑动脉硬化、颅内外血管的狭窄和不同数量及质量的颈动脉斑块,颅内动脉硬化和血管狭窄较颅外发生率更高。

53. Conclusion Intracranial arteriostenosis is more frequently encountered in those with TIA.The distribution of intracranial or extracranial arteriostenosis may be a predictor of recurrence of stroke.

结论TIA患者以颅内动脉狭窄多见，不同颅内外动脉狭窄的分布可能是TIA患者卒中复发的血管性预测因子。

54. Conclusion The extracranial meningioma of head and face is rare and the diagnosis is difficult to be confirmed before operation.

结论头面部颅外脑膜瘤是少见的病例，主要表现出所在部位的局部症状，对不易活检的部位，术前定性诊断困难。

55. Conclusions The mode of intracranial tumer transfer to extracranial probably is planting by neuosurgery operation,Overcome the intracranial tumer is va...

结论脑瘤颅外转移可能为手术种植性转移,攻克脑内肿瘤是治疗的关键。

56. Conclusion The carotid endarterectomy is an effective and safe method for treatment of the extracranial carotid stenosis, the sequelae of cerebral infarction as well as prevention ...

结论颈动脉内膜剥脱术是治疗颅外颈动脉狭窄、脑梗死后遗症及预防脑梗死、改善脑供血的安全、有效方法。

57. The evaluation of medical imaging to the diagnosis of extracranial carotid artery stenosis with ischemic cerebrovascular disease

缺血性脑血管病颈动脉狭窄的影像诊断

58. The incidence rates of carotid artery stenosis and extracranial artery stenosis in old-aged group were higher than those in middle-aged group and the young-aged group (P<0.05).

老年组颈动脉狭窄、颅外动脉狭窄高于中年组和青年组，中年组高于青年组（P<0.05）；

59. otogenic extracranial complication

耳源性颅外并发症

60. Shunt of cerebral ventricle to extracranial site

脑室至颅外部位分流术

61. Keywords Stereotaxy Anterior commissure Posterior commissure Extracranial Reference line;

脑立体定向;前联合;后联合;颅外参考线;

62. Keywords Cerebraosapinal fluid rhinorrhea;Endoscope-assisted surgery;Extracranial repair;

脑脊液鼻漏;内镜外科;颅外修补术;

63. Drug-eluting stent implantation for the percutaneous treatment of stenosis in intracranial arteries and extracranial vertebral arteries

药物洗脱支架治疗颅内动脉及颅外椎动脉狭窄

64. Keywords Angioplasty Stenting Supra-arch extracranial artery stenosis Cerebral ischemia attack;

血管内支架成形术;弓上动脉狭窄;脑缺血发作;

65. Comparative study of imaging modalities in evaluation of extracranial carotid stenosis

评价颅外颈动脉狭窄的影像学比较研究

66. Evaluation of extracranial and intracranial hemodynamic changes before and after carotid endarterectomy in extracranial carotid stenosis patients

超声对颈动脉内膜剥除前、后颅内外血流动力学变化的评价

67. Axunow WS,Ahn C,Schoenfeld MR.Association between plasma homocysteine and extracranial carotid artery discase in old persons[J].Am J Cardiol,1997,79,(10):1432.

阮骊韬,曹铁生,段云友,等.超声观测急性高同型半胱氨酸血症兔内皮功能损伤与血浆一氧化氮、内皮素的关系[J].中华超声影像学杂志,2002,11(8):497-499.

68. ARONOW W S， AHN C， SCHOENFELD M R. Association between plasma homocysteine and extracranial carotid artery disease in old persons[J]. Am J Cardiol，1997，79(10):1432.

阮骊韬，曹铁生，段云友，等.超声观测急性高同型半胱氨酸血症兔内皮功能损伤与血浆一氧化氮、内皮素的关系[J].中华超声影像学杂志，2002，11(8):497-499.

69. The Regional Anatomy And Clinical Application Of Extracranial Section of Facial Nerve

面神经颅外段局部解剖与临床应用

70. Keywords Aneurysm;Microsurgery;Extracranial and intracranial arteries bypass;

颅内动脉瘤;显微手术;动脉搭桥术;巨大动脉瘤;

71. extracranial and intracranial arterial stenosis

颅内外动脉狭窄

72. The Relationship between the Levels of Plasma Homocysteine and the Restenosis of Intracranial or Extracranial Artery before and after Stent Implantation

颅内外血管狭窄支架术前后血浆同型半胱氨酸的变化及与再狭窄的关系

73. extracranial hemeostasis

颅外内稳态

74. extracranial arteries

颅外动脉

75. Extracranial cerebrovascular stenosis

颅外动脉狭窄

76. Keywords extracranial artery stenosis;cerebral angiography;precut aneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting;follow up;

颅外动脉狭窄;脑血管造影术;经皮血管内支架成形术;随访;

77. extracranial arterial disease

颅外动脉病

78. extracranial arterial occlusion

颅外动脉闭塞

79. Among the extracranial complications, mastoid abscess, postauricular fistula, and facial palsy were encountered in 26 (37%), 17 (24%) and 10 (14%) patients, respectiely.

颅外并发症有乳突脓肿（26个，37%）、耳廓后瘘（17个，24%）和面瘫（10个，14%）。

80. Anatomical observation of collateral anastomoses of extracranial vertebral artery and its clinical significance

颅外椎动脉侧支吻合的观察及其临床意义