gum

gum¹
noun

[mass noun]a viscous secretion of some trees and shrubs that hardens on drying but is soluble in water, and from which adhesives and other products are made
树胶；树脂。比较 resin
■glue that is used for sticking paper or other light materials together
（粘合纸或其他轻薄材料的）胶水，粘合剂
■a sticky secretion collecting in the corner of the eye
眼屎
■short for chewing gum or bubblegum
chewing gum 或 bubble gum 的简称
■[count noun]a firm, jelly-like translucent sweet made with gelatin or gum arabic
（用明胶或树胶制成的像果冻一样的半透明）胶姆糖，橡皮糖
■[count noun]a gum tree, especially a eucalyptus
产树胶的树，胶树（尤指桉树）。参见 sweet gum
North American term for gumboot
(北美)。同 gumboot

(gummed, gumming)

[with obj.]cover with gum or glue
用胶（水）涂
[as adj. gummed]gummed paper.
涂有胶水的纸。
■[with obj. and adverbial]fasten with gum or glue
用胶粘合，用胶水粘住
the receipts are gummed into a special book.
将收据粘合成一本特别账簿。
■(gum something up)clog up a mechanism and prevent it from working properly
使（机械装置）卡住不能开动
open and close the valves to make sure they don't get gummed up.
开关一下阀门，确保它们开闭自如。

语源

Middle English: from Old French gomme, based on Latin gummi, from Greek kommi, from Egyptian kemai

gum²
noun

the firm area of flesh around the roots of the teeth in the upper or lower jaw
（齿）龈，牙床
a tooth broken off just above the gum.
齐牙床折断的一颗牙齿。
[as modifier]gum disease.
牙龈疾病。

verb

[with obj.]chew (something) with toothless gums
用无牙齿的牙床咀嚼

语源

Old English gōma 'inside of the mouth or throat', of Germanic origin; related to German Gaumen 'roof of the mouth'

gum³
noun

(用于短语 by gum!)(Chiefly N. English)an exclamation used for emphasis
(主北英格兰)（表示强调的感叹）老天！

语源

early 19th cent.: euphemistic alteration of God

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