knock

knock
verb
  1. [no obj.]strike a surface noisily to attract attention, especially when waiting to be let in through a door
    （为引起注意，尤其是为进门而）敲，敲打
    he strolled over and knocked on a door marked Enquiries.
    他踱步过去，敲了标有“问讯处”的门。
    ■strike or thump together or against something
    相撞，碰撞
    my knees were knocking and my lips quivering.
    我双膝打颤，嘴唇发抖。
    ■(of a motor or other engine) make a regular thumping or rattling noise, e.g. through pinking
    （马达，引擎）发出碰撞声，发出爆发声
  2. [with obj.]collide with (someone or something), giving them a hard blow
    撞到，撞击
    he deliberately ran against her, knocking her shoulder.
    他故意贴着她跑，撞上她的肩膀。
    [no obj.]he knocked into an elderly man with a walking stick.
    他撞到了一个拄着拐杖的老年人。
    ■[with obj. and adverbial of direction]force to move or fall with a deliberate or accidental blow or collision
    （有意或无意地）撞上
    he'd knocked over a glass of water.
    他撞翻了一杯水。
    ■injure or damage by striking
    打伤，碰伤
    she knocked her knee painfully on the table.
    她的膝盖被桌子碰得很疼。
    you have had a setback that has knocked your self-esteem.
    你遇到了伤害你自尊心的挫折。
    ■make (a hole or a dent) in something by striking it forcefully
    打出（洞，坑）
    he suggests we knock a hole through the wall into the broom cupboard.
    他建议我们打出一条从墙壁到扫帚柜的洞。
    ■demolish the barriers between (rooms or buildings)
    敲掉（房屋、建筑之间的障碍）
    two of the downstairs rooms had been knocked into one.
    两间楼下的屋子已经被凿通成一间了。
    ■(informal)talk disparagingly about; criticize
    (非正式)挑剔，批评
  3. [with obj.](informal)approach (a specified age)
    (非正式)达到（一定年龄）
    he's younger than his brother—knocking seventy.
    他比他哥哥年轻——快70岁了。
noun
  1. a sudden short sound caused by a blow, especially on a door to attract attention or gain entry
    敲打声，敲门声
    ■[mass noun]a continual thumping or rattling sound made by an engine
    （发动机）爆发声
  2. a blow or collision
    撞击，碰撞
    the casing is tough enough to withstand knocks.
    包装很结实，足以抵抗碰撞。
    ■an injury caused by a blow or collision
    打伤，撞伤
    ■a discouraging experience; a setback
    挫折
    the region's industries have taken a severe knock.
    该地区的各种产业经历了一场严重挫折。
    ■(informal)a critical comment
    (非正式)批评
  3. (Cricket, informal)an innings, especially of an individual batsman
    (板球 非正式)（尤指单个击球手的）击球
    a splendid knock of 117 against Somerset.
    117号对萨姆塞特的一个绝妙的击球。
常用词组
knock someone's block off
  1. (informal)hit someone very hard in anger
    (非正式)愤怒猛打
knock the bottom out of
  1. 见bottom
knock someone dead
  1. (informal)greatly impress someone
    (非正式)给某人留下深刻印象
knock someone for six
  1. 见six
knock people's heads together
  1. 见bang 条bang people's heads together
knock something into a cocked hat
  1. 见cocked hat
knock someone into the middle of next week
  1. (informal)hit someone very hard
    (非正式)对某人猛打
knock someone (或 something) into shape
  1. 见shape
knock it off
  1. (informal)used to tell someone to stop doing something that one finds annoying or foolish
    (非正式)［用于告诉某人停止做烦人或愚蠢的事］住手，别闹了
knock someone/thing on the head
  1. stun or kill someone by a blow on the head
    （打头部）打昏；打死
    ■(Brit. informal)prevent an idea, plan, or proposal from being developed or carried out
    (英，非正式)扼杀（想法，计划或建议）
knock on wood
  1. 见wood 条touch wood
knock someone's socks off
  1. 见sock
knock spots off
  1. (Brit. informal)easily outdo
    (英，非正式)轻松地胜过
the school of hard knocks
  1. painful or difficult experiences that are seen to be useful in teaching someone about life
    （有教育意义的）困苦经历
you could have knocked me (或her, him，等) down with a feather
  1. (informal)used to express great surprise
    (非正式)我（她，他等）极为惊讶
语源
  1. Old English cnocian, of imitative origin
继承用法
knock about (或around)
  1. (informal)travel without a specific purpose
    (非正式)漫游，漂泊
    for a couple of years she and I knocked around the Mediterranean.
    我和她在地中海漫游了两三年。
    ■happen to be present
    碰巧在场
    it gets confusing when there are too many people knocking about.
    这么多的人碰巧在场，气氛显得混乱。
    ■(chiefly Brit.)spend time with someone
    (主英)陪伴（某人）
    she knocked around with artists.
    她陪着艺术家们。
knock someone/thing about (或around)
  1. injure or damage by rough treatment
    （因粗暴对待而）损害，伤害
knock someone back
(Brit. informal) (英，非正式)
  1. reject or discourage a person or their request or suggestion
    拒绝某人，挫伤某人
  2. cost someone a specified, typically large, amount of money
    花掉某人一大笔钱
    buying that house must have knocked them back a bit.
    买下那幢房子一定花费了他们一大笔钱。
knock something back
  1. (informal)consume a drink quickly and entirely
    (非正式)（快速地）喝下，喝掉
  2. work risen dough by vigorous kneading to expel air before baking
    （烘烤前）揉发好的面团
knock someone down
  1. (of a person or vehicle) strike or collide with someone so as to cause them to fall to the ground
    （人，车辆）撞倒某人
knock something down
  1. demolish a building
    拆毁建筑
    ■take machinery or furniture to pieces for transportation
    （为运输）拆开机器（或家具）
  2. (at an auction) confirm the sale of an article to a bidder by a knock with a hammer
    （拍卖中）确认买主，一锤定音
    ■(informal)reduce the price of an article
    (非正式)减低产品价格
  3. (US informal)earn a specified sum as a wage
    (美，非正式)挣工资
  4. (Austral./NZ informal)spend a pay cheque freely
    (澳／新西兰，非正式)随意用工资付款
knock off
  1. (informal)stop work
    (非正式)停止工作，收工
knock someone off
  1. (informal)kill someone
    (非正式)杀死某人
  2. (Brit. vulgar slang)have sexual intercourse with a woman
    (英，粗俚)与（女人）性交
knock something off
  1. (informal)produce a piece of work quickly and easily, especially to order
    (非正式)（仓促草率地）作出，完成
  2. (informal)deduct an amount from a total
    (非正式)折扣
    when the bill came they knocked off £600 because of a little scratch.
    账单收到后，他们因一点擦痕减掉了600英镑。
  3. (Brit. informal)steal something
    (英，非正式)偷东西
    ■(N. Amer. informal)rob a shop or similar establishment
    (北美，非正式)抢劫商店等
    ■(N. Amer. informal)make an illegal copy of a product
    (北美，非正式)非法复制
  4. (Cricket)score the total needed for victory
    (板球)取得得胜分
    there was plenty of time for the Middlesbrough batsmen to knock off the runs.
    有足够的时间让米德尔斯布勒的击球手取得得胜分。
knock on
  1. (informal)grow old
    (非正式)变老
    don't you think you're knocking on a bit for this.
    你不认为你正为此变老吗？。
  2. (亦作knock the ball on)(Rugby)illegally drive the ball with the hand or arm towards the opponents' goal line
    (英橄)（犯规动作）以手或臂向前击球
knock someone out
  1. ■make a person unconscious, typically with a blow to the head
    （尤指击头部）打昏
    ■knock down (a boxer) for a count of ten, thereby winning the contest
    （拳击中）击倒对手（使其在10个数之内不能站起，从而取胜）
    ■defeat a competitor in a knockout competition
    （淘汰赛中）击败对手
    England had been knocked out of the World Cup.
    英格兰已被淘汰出世界杯。
    ■(knock oneself out)(informal)work so hard that one is exhausted
    (非正式)筋疲力尽
    ■(informal)astonish or greatly impress someone
    (非正式)使震惊，给…留下深刻印象
knock something out
  1. destroy a machine or damage it so that it stops working
    破坏机器，使机器不能运转
    ■destroy or disable enemy installations or equipment
    破坏（敌方装置设备)，使（敌方装置设备）瘫痪
  2. (informal)produce work at a steady fast rate
    (非正式)快速地做
    if you knock out a thousand words a day you'll soon have finished.
    如果你每天写出 1,000字，你将会很快完成。
  3. empty a tobacco pipe by tapping it against a surface
    磕净（烟斗)，敲空（烟斗）
  4. (Austral./NZ informal)earn a specified sum of money
    (澳／新西兰，非正式)赚（钱）
knock someone over
  1. another way of saying knock someone down
    同knock someone down
knock something over
  1. (N. Amer. informal)rob a shop or similar establishment
    (北美，非正式)抢劫（商店等）
knock someone sideways
  1. (informal)astonish someone
    (非正式)使震惊
knock something together
  1. assemble something in a hasty and makeshift way
    匆匆拼凑，草草做成
knock up
  1. (Brit. informal)(in a racket game) practise before formal play begins
    (英，非正式)（使用球拍的项目）赛前练习
knock someone up
  1. (Brit.)wake or attract the attention of someone by knocking at their door
    (英)敲门唤醒（或引人注意）
  2. (informal, chiefly US)make a woman pregnant
    (非正式主美)使怀孕
knock something up
  1. (Brit.)make something in a hurry
    (英)仓促制成
  2. (Cricket)score runs rapidly
    (板球)得分快速上升
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