nail

nail
noun

a small metal spike with a broadened flat head, driven typically into wood with a hammer to join things together or to serve as a peg or hook
钉子
a horny covering on the upper surface of the tip of the finger and toe in humans and other primates
（人类或其他灵长类的）指甲
■an animal's claw
（动物的）趾甲；爪
■a hard growth on the upper mandible of some soft-billed birds
（一些软喙鸟类）上喙的硬甲壳
(historical)a medieval unit of measurement
(史)纳尔
■a measure of length for cloth, equal to 21/4 inches
纳尔（布匹长度单位，相当于21/4英寸）
■a measure of wool, beef, or other commodity, roughly equal to 7 or 8 pounds
纳尔（羊毛、牛肉或其他商品的计量单位，约等于7或8磅）

verb
[with obj.]

[with obj. and adverbial of place]fasten to a surface or to something else with a nail or nails
把…钉牢，钉住
the strips are simply nailed to the roof.
板条只是钉在房顶上而已。
(informal)expose (someone) as deceitful or criminal; catch or arrest
(非正式)揭穿（某人）；抓住，逮住
have you nailed the killer?.
你有没有抓住杀手？。
■expose (a lie or other instance of deception)
揭穿（谎言，欺骗）
(informal)(of a player in a game) strike (a ball) forcefully and successfully
(非正式)（比赛选手）大力扣杀（球）
she was stretched to the limit and failed to nail the smash.
她使出浑身解数未能把球扣死。
■(Baseball)(of a fielder) put (a runner) out by throwing to a base
(棒球)（外场手）把（跑垒者）杀出局
■(chiefly N. Amer.)(of a player) defeat or outwit (an opponent)
(主北美)（选手）击败（或智胜）（对方）
Navratilova tried to nail her on the backhand side.
纳夫拉蒂洛娃试着用反手球击败她。
■(of a player) secure (especially a victory) conclusively
（选手）锁定（胜局）
(vulgar slang, chiefly US)(of a man) have sexual intercourse with
(粗俚，主美)（男性）与…性交

常用词组
fight tooth and nail

hard as nails

nail one's colours to the mast

a nail in the coffin

an action or event regarded as likely to have a detrimental or destructive effect on a situation, enterprise, or person
催命符，致命一击
this was going to put the final nail in the coffin of his career.
这对他的事业来说会是个致命打击。

on the nail (北美亦作 on the barrelhead)

派生
nailed
adjective

nailless
adjective
语源

Old English nægel (noun), næglan (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch nagel and German Nagel, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin unguis and Greek onux

继承用法
nail someone down

elicit a firm promise or commitment from someone
使承诺
I can't nail her down to a specific date.
我无法让她说定一个日子。

nail something down

fasten something securely with nails
钉牢，钉住
identify something precisely
弄清，确定
something seems unexpected—I can't nail it down, but it makes me uneasy.
好像出了点事——我弄不清楚是什么，可它让我感到不安。
secure something, especially an agreement
敲定；确保（某事物，尤指协议）

nail something up

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