pain

pain
noun

[mass noun]physical suffering or discomfort caused by illness or injury
病痛；伤痛
she's in great pain.
她很疼。
those who suffer from back pain.
那些腰背疼痛的人。
■[count noun]a feeling of marked discomfort in a particular part of the body
疼痛
he had severe pains in his stomach.
他剧烈胃痛。
chest pains.
胸部疼痛。
■mental suffering or distress
痛苦；悲痛
the pain of loss.
失去亲友的痛苦。
■(亦作 pain in the neck 或粗俚 arse)[in sing](informal)an annoying or tedious person or thing
(非正式)讨厌的人（或事）
she's a pain.
她真讨厌。
(pains)careful effort; great care or trouble
辛苦，努力；苦心；操心
she took pains to see that everyone ate well.
她煞费苦心确保每个人都吃得好。
he is at pains to point out that he isn't like that.
他刻意指出他不是那样的。

verb

[with obj.]cause mental or physical pain to
使痛苦；使疼痛
it pains me to say this.
这么说我很难过。
her legs had been paining her.
她的双腿一直使她感到疼痛。
■[no obj.](chiefly N. Amer.)(of a part of the body) hurt
(主北美)（身体某一部分）感到疼痛
sometimes my right hand would pain.
有时我的右手会感到疼痛。

常用词组
for one's pains

(informal)as an unfairly bad return for efforts or trouble
(非正式)作为对努力或辛苦的不公平的报酬
he was sued for his pains.
他辛苦一场反遭起诉。

no pain, no gain

(chiefly N.Amer.)suffering is necessary in order to achieve something
(主北美)不劳则无获

on (或 under) pain of

the penalty for disobedience or shortcoming being
违反则以…处罚
they proscribed all such practices and observances on pain of death.
他们禁止所有这类风俗习惯，违者处死。

语源

Middle English (in the sense 'suffering inflicted as punishment for an offence'): from Old French peine, from Latin poena 'penalty', later 'pain'

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