phylogenetic

phylogenetic

1. The Phylogenetic Relationship of Spiders Spiders belong to order Araneae in Arachinida, Chelicerata, Arthropoda.

1蜘蛛的分类系统 蜘蛛属于节肢动物门螯肢动物亚门蛛形纲蜘蛛目。

2. Yang Datong 1991 Phylogenetic systematics of the amolops group of ranid frogs of Southeastern Asia and the Greater Sunda Islands. Fieldiana, Zoology, New series No. 63), FMNH. USA. ISSN 0015-0754.

23杨大同1991东南亚和大他群岛蛙型湍蛙群的系统发育系统。费尔德自然历史博物馆，美国。

3. Through building UPGMA, NJ, ME, MP> ML trees of gene and amino acid ,Ifound that the amino acid trees have better support for consistency and statistics, so it has more advantage to build phylogenetic tree .

3 基于cytb基因分别构建了UPGMA、NJ、ME、MP、ML基因树和氨基酸树，发现氨基酸树的一致性和统计学支持较好，在构建系统树时较基因树有更大的优越性；

4. Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that the tribe Anatini was a monophyletic group which formed a separate clade during the evolution of Anatinae, and distantly related to other tribes of Anatinae.

3）在鸭亚科中，河鸭族在系统演化中形成单独的一支，与鸭亚科其余各族的关系较远；

5. Phylogenetic analysis of 4 ORFs of PSV-Mi with strains of PSV, CMV and TAV showed that PSV-Mi, PSV-ER and PSV-W form three different evolution branches, which also supports above result.

4个ORFs的系统进化树也表明,PSV-Mi、ER和W株系各自形成独立的进化分枝,进一步证实上述结论。

6. Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that the tribe Aythyini cleavaged early during the evolution of Anatinae, and there is a closer relationship among tribes of Tadornini, Mergini and Cairinini.

4）在鸭亚科内的系统发生上，潜鸭最早分歧出来，麻鸭、海鸭及栖鸭彼此间的亲缘关系较近；

7. DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the gag region of the 54 samples showed that 4 samples(7.41%) were infected with CRF08-BC,46(85.18%) with CRF01-AE and 4(7.41%) remained unclassifiable.

54份样本中,经基因测序和系统树分析证实CRF08-BC样本4份(7.41%),CRF01-AE样本46份(85.18%),4份(7.41)无法确定亚型。

8. The UPGMA and NJ phylogenetic trees constructed with the Dcoa genetic distances between the 6 horse breeds supported a closer relationship between Wuzhumuqin horses and Wushen horses(WS).

6.计算了共祖遗传距离,并进行了NJ和UPGMA聚类,两种聚类较一致,内蒙的乌珠穆沁马、乌审马总能聚到一起。

9. In contrast to AA cytotypes, which show pronounced differentiation among populations, BB and AABB cytotypes have little differentiation which form multiclades on the phylogenetic tree.

AA细胞型个体之间分化很大，BB细胞型和AABB细胞型分化较小，在系统树上形成多分支。

10. From the phylogenetic tree of ITS it was found that the origin of sect.Dianthusis is earlier than that of sect.Fimbriatum Williams and sect.Barbulatum Williams.

ITS系统发育树揭示了石竹组起源早于瓣组和齿瓣组,其结果与传统形态学论述存在很大差异。

11. Statistics of sequence compositions and nucleotide substitutions were obtained using MEGA2.1. PAUP*4.0blO (PPC) was used to evaluate the phylogenetic information content of the data and reconstruct NJ, MP and ML trees.

PAUP~*4.0b10(PPC)对数据集系统发育信号进行评估，并以NJ、MP，ML和贝叶斯系统发育推论法分别重建系统发生树。

12. The results of phylogenetic analyses suggest that the subgenus Pogonophace is not a monophyletic group.

Sesbanella)与亚属其余类群在系统树上处于不同的分支,亲缘关系较远,这个亚属不是一个单系类群;

13. YANG Wan-xi, YING Xue-ping, ZHU Jun-quan.Spermatogenesis of teleost and its prospective application in the study of phylogenetic development[J].Donghai Marine Science, 2000,18 (3) : 53 - 58.

[18]杨万喜,应雪萍,竺俊全.硬骨鱼类精子发生及其在系统演化研究中的应用前景[J].东海海洋,2000,18(3) : 53-58.

14. YANG Wan-xi, YING Xue-ping, ZHU Jun-quan.Spermatogenesis of teleost and its prospective application in the study of phylogenetic development [J].Donghai Marine Science, 2000,18(3): 53- 58.

[3]杨万喜,应雪萍,竺俊全.硬骨鱼类精子发生及其在系统演化研究中的应用前景[J].东海海洋,2000,18(3):53-58.

15. CHEN Hao, TANG Xiao-shu, LIN Jie, et al.Community constitute and phylogenetic analysis on soil uncultured microorganism [J].Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2002,42(8) :478 - 483.

[3]陈灏,唐小树,林洁,等.不经培养的农田土壤微生物种群构成及系统分类的初步研究[J].微生物学报,2002,42(8):478-483.

16. Chen,X-L and Wang,S-F 1997.A study on phylogenetic relationships among the subgenera of bumblebees(Hymenoptera:Apidae).Entomological Sinica,4(4):324-336.

[道里刚,2004.川渝地区熊蜂地理分布与重要环境因素之间的关系.四川大学建筑与环境学院硕士学位论文,69

17. "Using single genes as phylogenetic markers, it is difficult to trace organismal phylogeny in the presence of HGT [horizontal gene transfer].

“使用单基因作为系统发育的标记，在有水平基因转移（HGT）存在的情况下很难追查生物的系统发育。

18. "Sequence comparisons suggest recent horizontal transfer of many genes among diverse species including across the boundaries of phylogenetic "domains".

“序列比较表明，许多不同物种之间存在横向基因转移，包括跨越系统发生的‘域界’。

19. Phylogenetic analyses further show that the buttonquails were a basal clade of the neognathous birds (excluding galloanserine birds), and have no sister relationship with cranes.

三趾鹑类在系统发生中晚于鸡雁类和古腭型鸟类，早于今腭型鸟类中非鸡雁类鸟类，与鹤形目鸟类的亲缘关系较远。

20. While the divergence of homologous genes from different species is in well congruent with phylogenetic relationship of those species.

不同物种的同一种基因的聚类关系能较好地反映物种间的系统发育关系。

21. Mangroves are a group of the intertidal plants with unrelated phylogenetic affinity distributed in regions of estuaries, riverbanks or along the coastlines of tropical and subtropical areas.

中文摘要红树林为一群具不同亲缘关系，生长于热带及亚热带河口与海岸地区的维管束植物，主要为乔木及灌木所构成之森林。

22. This information should be taken into account in order to estimate the phylogenetic relationship accurately.

为了准确地计算系统发育关系,空位包含的信息应该予以考虑。

23. Researching on the diversity, ecology, behavior, taxonomy, phylogenetic evolution and conservation of vertebrates in subtropical coast region.

主要研究亚热带滨海脊椎动物的多样性、生态、行为、分类、系统进化及保护；

24. The column types of Neottia and Archineottia of the family Orchidaceae and their taxonomic and phylogenetic significance.

乌巢兰属与无啄兰属的蕊柱式样及其在系统发育和分类上的意义.

25. The phylogenetic relationship between Homo erectus and archaic Homo sapiens in East Asia impacts directly on the hotly debated issues.

二种主要假说“非洲起源”和“多地区连续演化”已激烈争论了近二十年。

26. Fine mapping of a gene causing hybrid pollen sterility between Yunnan weedy rice and cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) and phylogenetic analysis of Yunnan weedy rice.

云南杂草稻不育基因精细定位，发育途径的表型观察分析。

27. Just as the body bears the traces of its phylogenetic development, so also does the human mind.

人类心理如同人类躯体，它们都带有各自种系发展史的遗迹。

28. Today, molecular data, which includes protein and DNA sequences, are used to construct phylogenetic trees.

今天，包括蛋白质和DNA序列的分子数据被用于构建系统进化树。

29. The phylogenetic tree indicated that the p24 fragment of BDV was genetically relative to the S88 strain separated from equine brain tissue in Australian and the H544 strain separated from sheep blood in Germany.

从系统发生树图形可以看出,该目的基因片段与澳大利亚马脑组织分离的S88和德国绵羊血液分离的H544病毒株亲缘关系最近。

30. Phylogenetic analysis showed that A/Swine/GuangDong/711/2001 had a close relationship with A/South Carolina/1/18 and A/Swine/ Wisconsin/238/97.

从系统发生树来看, A/Swine/GuangDong/711/2001 与 A/SouthCarolina/1/18和A/Swine/Wisconsin/238/97的亲缘关系相近。

31. In the phylogenetic tree of nucleotide sequences, E. rostratum forms a monophyletic group with other Exserohilum species, which could be separated with the genera Bipolaris and Curvularia.

从系统发育树中可以看出，供试菌株与突脐孢属的其它菌种聚类在同一个分支上，与弯孢属和离蠕孢属的菌种明显区分开，形成了一个独立演化群。

32. Phylogenetic reconstruction with the Neighbor-joining (NJ) method using sequences of variable regions (V1+V2+V3) of SSU rDNA indicated that GYN-15, S. californium and G.

以 SSU r DNA序列中的 3个可变区 (V1 +V2 +V3)和邻接法构建的系统树表明 ,GYN- 1 5与 S.californium和 G.

33. On the basis of the character-coding matrix, the phylogenetic trees were constructed with Camin-Sokal method and Farris-Wagner method, implemented in PHYLIP package.

以性状状态编码矩阵为基础，应用Camin-Sokal方法和Farris-Wagner方法以及PHYLIP软件包构建分支树。

34. The typical traditional phylogenetic tree separates the animals with bilateral symmetry into three groups, i. e. acoelomates, pseudocoelomates and coelomates.

传统的形态分类学将三胚层的后生动物分为无体腔动物，假体腔动物和真体腔动物。

35. The results show that there is serious long branches attraction between Serpentes and Acrodonta, and that phylogenetic analysis in this situation may not matter much to this issue.

但是结果显示蛇类和端生齿类鬣蜥这两大支出现了严重的长枝吸引现象，我们认为在出现了严重的长枝吸引的情况下，进一步讨论系统发生树的结果意义不大。

36. However, the phylogenetic tree constructed with G2 segments (2741-2950 nt) could group HTN and DOB strains into the same clade.

但用G2区的2741-2950片段构建的系统发生树将DOB型与HTN型分为一支。

37. But with poorly studied groups, even modest phylogenetic analysis can reveal remarkable insights.

但研究较少的类群，甚至适度的系统分析能够显示显著的效果。

38. Phylogenetic Diversity of Bacterium Associated with the Sponge Pachychalina sp.

体内细菌多样性的研究。

39. The genetic distance and phylogenetic tree between Chinese Hans and other populations were estimated by using DISPAN and PHYLIP software.

使用DISPAN软件及PHYLIP软件计算不同群体间遗传距离并绘制系统树。

40. The phylogenetic tree based on 18S rDNA indicated that strain FJN10 was close to Thraustochytrium sp.CHN and Thraustochytrium sp MBIC11092, which was an valuable marine fungi producing DHA.

依据18S rRNA 基因建立的系统进化树分析表明:该菌与 Thraustochytrium sp. CHN 和 Thraustochytrium spMBIC11092具有紧密的亲源关系。

41. We reviewed the researches on the Asian Paleogene euprimates of the past 80 years, and suggested a new definition of Anthropoidea within phylogenetic systematics.

全面综述了过去80年中对于亚洲古近纪真灵长类研究的成果，提出了关于类人猿类界定方法的新建议。

42. Title： Biological characterization and phylogenetic analysis of pathogenic new subspecies of Aeromonas salmonicida isolated from stone flounder (Kareius bicoloratus L.

关键词：石鲽;杀鲑气单胞菌杀鲽亚种;生物学特性;系统发育学分析

43. The researches are focus on comparison of the animal genes or genomes evolution for revealing phylogenetic relationships among lineages using the molecular biotechnique and bioinformatics method.

内容、特色、意义运用分子生物学技术和生物信息学分析方法，比较研究动物基因、基因组的演化，揭示动物类群的进化和系统生物学关系。

44. These phylogenetic trees do not support that the Nymphalidae and Papilionoidae is a monophyletic group respectively.

凤蝶科和绢蝶科的个体相互聚在一起，这说明凤蝶科和蛱蝶科都不是单系群；

45. The phylogenetic trees constructed by multiple methods supported the s ame topology，in which the monophyly of Anhui musk deer was clearly demonstrated .

分子系统学的分析表明，安徽麝是一个单系群，它同麝属其他种的DNA序列差异已达到种间分化的程度。

46. The monophyly of Arcypteridae is not supported by phylogenetic trees.

分子系统树表明：网翅蝗科并不是一个单系群。

47. Molecular phylogenetic evolution

分子系统进化

48. Molecular phylogenetic studies indicated that genera of Phasianidae originated mainly in Pliocene.

分子进化的研究表明雉科各属的起源主要集中在上新世。

49. The methods of statistical analysis included principal component analysis, phylogenetic trees, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), R matrix, GIS and spatial autocorrelation.

分析方法包括主成分分析、系统发生树、分子方差分析、R矩阵、地理信息系统以及空间自相关分析。

50. Branch-- The graphical representation of an evolutionary relationship in a phylogenetic tree.

分枝--在种系发生树中，物种演化相互关系的图示。

51. Bifurcation -- The graphical representation in a phylogenetic tree of an evolutionary speciation event whereby an ancestral taxon splits into two.

分歧点--在演化的种形成事件中，物种由相同来源一分为二，其在种系发生树中的图示点。

52. Bifurcation －－ The graphical representation in a phylogenetic tree of an evolutionary speciation event whereby an ancestral taxon splits into two.

分歧点－－在演化的种形成事件中，物种由相同来源一分为二，其在种系发生树中的图示点。

53. Phylogenetic analysis of5 Chinese species of the genus Polyura was conducted based on mitochondrial COII sequences.

利用线粒体COII基因序列分析法,研究了我国尾蛱蝶属5种蝴蝶的系统分化。

54. Comparisons of mitochondrial gene arrangements of decapod suggested that rearrangement of the four gene-block found in Eriocheir is informative for high level phylogenetic study of decapod.

十足目动物线粒体基因排列顺序的比较研究显示，在绒螯蟹中发现的4基因块的重排,对十足目高级阶元的系统发生研究是有用的信息。

55. In addition, alk-exo gene of BmNPV was cloned and Phylogenetic tree of alk-exo gene was constructed.

另外,克隆了BmNPV的alk-exo基因,并构建了基于alk-exo基因的系统进化树;

56. In addition, some empirical suggestions concerning how to use them in seme existing phylogenetic procedures are also given to help researchers select these methods.

另外，本文还介绍了一些经验用以帮助研究者在使用现有的系统发育软件时选择空位编码方法。

57. Progress of Phylogenetic Study on Chrysomelidae

叶甲科的系统学研究进展

58. Rapid variation of cpDNA sequences shows in noncoding regions, which may assist in studying the phylogenetic relation of low taxon.

叶绿体DNA非编码区序列变异较快，是研究低等级类群系统关系的有利工具；

59. The identification of phylogenetic relationships among HSF proteins in these species is a fundamental step to unravel the functionality of new and yet uncharacterized genes belonging to this family.

同时代表了热激转录因子基因家族在包括单子叶植物和双子叶植物的被子植物中的主要的进化谱系。在此基础上作了进化分析。

60. At the same time, the similarities between Arabidopsis and rice MADS-box genes were analyzed.Also, the phylogenetic tree of the rice MADS-box family was constructed.

同时对拟南芥和水稻 的MADS基因家族做了一些同源性分析，并构建了水稻MADS家族的进化树。

61. A special virtual exhibition offers an introduction into phylogenetic systematics.

同时提供了一个有关种系发生分类学的介绍。

62. Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins (COGs) were delineated by comparing protein sequences encoded in 43 complete genomes, representing 30 major phylogenetic lineages.

同源蛋白质簇是通过比较43个完全测序的物种（分别代表30个主要的物种系统发生世系）的蛋白质序列描绘出来的。

63. The hind wing venation characters are of taxonomic significance in tribal, generic level and of value in explaining the phylogenetic relationships among tribes of the subfamily Laminae.

后翅翅脉特征具有族级、属级分类学意义，对阐述沟胫天牛亚科不同类群间的亲缘关系和系统演化具有重要价值。

64. Wu X L, He C Y, Chen S Y, Zhuang B C, Wang K J, Wang X C, Phylogenetic analysis of interspecies in genus Glycine through SSR markers.

吴晓雷,贺超英,陈受宜,庄炳昌,王克晶王学臣.用SSR分子标记研究大豆属种间亲缘进化关系.遗传学报,2001,28:359-366.

65. As a member of Lagomorpha, rabbits are more closely related than rodents to human in terms of phylogenetic development.

和人类一样，家兔血浆中富含胆固醇酯转移蛋白（cholesteryl ester transfer protein, CETP）, CETP在动脉粥样硬化发生、发展中起重要作用；

66. Phylogenetic considerations on subfamily Thalictroideae (Ranunculaceae).

唐松草亚科分类系统的研究.

67. We concluded that the data couldn’t provide enough phylogenetic information to fully resolve the relationship of the 30 species in Coccinellidae.

四种方法没有达到一致的结果,说明该数据集在解决这30个种的系统发生关系上提供的信息还是不够的。

68. Phylogenetic relationship between different species and populations of Mus and Microtus are more clearly revealed with some genetic markers of modern genetics, such as protein, mtDNA, and rDNA.

因为对小鼠的研究最为透彻, 致使它在实验室中有多方面应用, 同时小鼠是研究其他生物的好材料。

69. Fig.3 Phylogenetic analysis of the3'- end nucleotide sequences of all available SYSV isolates rooted with OYDV( AJ510223).

图3大葱黄条病毒分离物基因组3’-末端区域核苷酸序列的系统进化树分析，洋葱黄矮病毒(J510223)为根殖序列。

70. Except for IAM13129, B33 and 711, at the similarity level of 75% dendrogram derived from 16S rDNA RFLP-PCR showed that all isolates were devided into two phylogenetic branches: Rhizobium and Sinorhizobum and unknown one.

在75%的相似水平上，除了IAM13129，B33，711，所有供试菌株全部聚群，分为Rhizobium和Sinorhizobum系统发育分支和未知系统发育分支。

71. The isolate is situated in the Euro-Asia branch of the N2 phylogenetic tree and close to human H2N2 virus,and is less related with H7N2 isolates from North America which is in a different branch.

在N2基因系统发育进化树中,CK/HB/1/02分离株处于欧亚分支内,与H2N2人流感病毒的亲缘关系较近; 与北美H7N2AIV处在不同分支,遗传距离较远。

72. Dicotyls scatter in phylogenetic tree which illuminates the evolution of LTP gene is complex.

在整个系统图中，双子叶比较分散，说明LTP基因的进化是个复杂的过程；

73. The result of phylogenetic analysis showed that strain ZD 4-1 and ZD4-3 were positioned in two different subclusters.

基于16S rDNA序列的系统分类研究表明，菌株ZD4-1和ZD4-3分别属于两个不同的分类亚组。

74. The evolutional tree of these 20 languages and the phylogenetic tree of these 29 animals were reconstructed based on the two LZ complexity distance matrices.

基于LZ复杂性距离矩阵,重构了20种语言的语言关系树和29种哺乳动物的系统进化树.

75. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the nucleotide sequences of VP1 gene of EMCV, presenting that the five isolates are located on the backbone of the tree with lesser variation.

基于VP1基因的系统进化分析表明,5个分离毒株均位于系统进化树的主干上,其变异度不大。

76. Our work develops a system that combines the motif searching and phylogenetic footprinting.

基于此现象，我们假设在绿色设计方案的评估上，缺乏一个完整而正确的评估模式。

77. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that these 4 isolates represented 2 different subtypes belonging to a novel genotype of HEV, which was significantly divergent from the prototype Mexican, Burmese and US/Swine isolates.

基因进化树分析表明 ,该 4株HEV变异株可能为一个新基因型 ,它不同于HEV(B)、HEV(M)和HEVUS/Swine ,按其核苷酸序列的差异可划分为 2个亚型。

78. The frequencie of the radiation groups in Zhuangs,together with the phylogenetic relationship of the Zhuang ethnic group in the suggest that the Zhuang is a typical south population.

壮族人群中单倍型辐射群体分布频率、系统树中壮族人群与其他人群聚类先后次序都表明壮族是一个较为典型的南方群体。

79. Research on Phylogenetic Relationships of Myriapoda

多足动物系统发生的研究进展

80. Most phylogenetic analyses concur that it is from Sivapithecus that the living orangutan, Pongo pygmaeus, is descended.

大多数系谱分析的结论都指出，现生的红毛猩猩（Pongopygmaeus）是从西瓦猿演化出来的。