privilege

privilege
noun
  1. a special right,advantage,or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group of people
    （个人或群体的）特权；特惠待遇
    education is a right, not a privilege.
    教育是一种权利，而不是特权。
    [mass noun]he has been accustomed all his life to wealth and privilege.
    他一生已经习惯了财富和特权。
    ■something regarded as a rare opportunity and bringing particular pleasure
    特殊荣幸；优待；特别待遇
    I had the privilege of giving the Sir George Brown memorial lecture.
    我有幸作乔治•布朗爵士纪念演讲。
    ■(亦作 absolute privilege)(especially in a parliamentary context) the right to say or write something without the risk of incurring punishment or legal action for defamation
    议会特权（尤指议员无被控诽谤而遭惩罚或法律诉讼之虞的言论权利）
    ■the right of a lawyer or official to refuse to divulge confidential information
    （律师，官员）拒绝泄露内情权
    ■(chiefly historical)a grant to an individual, corporation, or place of special rights or immunities, especially in the form of a franchise or monopoly
    (主史)（授予个人，公司，某地的）特许经营权；豁免权，垄断权
verb
  1. [with obj.](formal)grant a privilege or privileges to
    (正式)授予…以特权
    English inheritance law privileged the eldest son.
    英国继承法给予长子特权。
    ■(一般作 be privileged from)exempt (someone) from a liability or obligation to which others are subject
    特免，免除（某人）
    barristers are privileged from arrest going to, coming from, and abiding in court.
    有资格出席高等法庭的大律师有在去、离法庭和在庭时免于逮捕的特权。
语源
  1. Middle English: via Old French from Latin privilegium 'bill or law affecting an individual', from privus 'private' + lex, leg- 'law'
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