pump

pump¹
noun

a mechanical device using suction or pressure to raise or move liquids, compress gases, or force air into inflatable objects such as tyres
泵
a petrol pump.
汽油泵。
■[in sing.]an instance of moving something or being moved by or as if by such a machine
泵送；抽吸，抽运
the pump of blood to her heart.
血液泵进她的心脏。
■[with modifier](Physiology)an active transport mechanism in living cells by which specific ions are moved through the cell membrane against a concentration gradient
(生理)泵（指特定离子逆浓度梯度进行的跨膜主动运输机制）
the bacterium's sodium pump.
细菌钠泵。
■(US)a pump-action shotgun
(美)压动式猎枪

verb

[with obj. and adverbial of direction]force (liquid, gas, etc.) to move in a specified direction by or as if by means of a pump
（用泵）抽运，抽吸（液体、气体等）
the blood is pumped around the body.
血液被输送到全身。
[no obj.]if we pump long enough, we should bring the level up.
我们只要抽足够长的时间就能使水面上升。
■[no obj., with adverbial of direction]move in spurts as though driven by a pump
（泵抽似的）喷出
blood was pumping from a wound in his shoulder.
血正从他肩部的伤口喷出来。
■fill with something
注入
my veins had been pumped full of glucose.
我的静脉内已注满了葡萄糖。
■shoot (bullets) into (a target)
把（子弹）击中目标
■(pump something in/into)(informal)invest a large sum of money in (something)
(非正式)在…上投入大量资金
he pumped all his savings into building the boat.
他把所有积蓄都投在了这艘小船的制造上。
■[with obj.](informal)try to elicit information from (someone) by persistent questioning
(非正式)追问，探问，盘问（某人）
she began to pump her friend for details.
她开始追问好友，打听详细情况。
■(pump something out)produce or emit something in large quantities or amounts
大量产出；大量排放
carnival bands pumping out music.
大量演奏音乐的狂欢节乐队。
[with obj.]move (something) vigorously up and down
用力来回晃动
we had to pump the handle like mad.
我们只好拼命地晃动把手。
■[no obj.]move vigorously up and down or to and fro
剧烈地来回（或上下）移动
that's superb running—look at his legs pumping.
他跑得真棒——看他两条腿翻飞的样子！。
■apply and release (a brake pedal or lever) several times in quick succession, typically to prevent skidding
（尤指为了防止打滑而）点踏（刹车板)，点拉（操纵杆）

常用词组
pump someone's hand

shake a person's hand vigorously
用力地摇动…的手

pump iron

(informal)exercise with weights
(非正式)用哑铃锻炼

pumper
noun
继承用法
pump something up

inflate a tyre, balloon, etc.
给（轮胎、气球等）充气
■(informal)increase something
(非正式)增加，提高
she needs to read and pump up her political grip.
她需要广泛阅读，以提高政治水平。
■give inappropriate support and encouragement to
给…不妥当的支持和鼓励
we let them pump up our egos.
我们听任他们吹捧我们自己。
■(pump something up)(informal)turn up the volume of music
(非正式)把音乐的音量调大

语源

late Middle English (originally in nautical use): related to Dutch pomp 'ship's pump' (earlier in the sense 'wooden or metal conduit'), probably partly of imitative origin

pump²
noun

a light shoe, in particular
轻便鞋，尤指
■(chiefly N. English)a sports shoe; a plimsoll
(主北英格兰)运动鞋；橡胶底浅口帆布鞋
■a light shoe for dancing
轻便舞鞋
■(N. Amer.)a court shoe
(北美)女式无带浅口轻便鞋

语源

mid 16th cent.: of unknown origin

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