rock

rock¹
noun

[mass noun]the solid mineral material forming part of the surface of the earth and other similar planets, exposed on the surface or underlying the soil
岩石；岩
■[count noun]a mass of such material projecting above the earth's surface or out of the sea
岩块；石块；礁石，暗礁
there are dangerous rocks around the island.
这个岛屿周围有危险的暗礁。
■[count noun](Geology)any natural material, hard or soft (e.g. clay), having a distinctive mineral composition
(地质)矿石，矿砂
■(the Rock)Gibraltar
直布罗陀
■(the Rock). informal name for Newfoundland
岩岛（Newfoundland的别称）
a large piece of such material which has become detached from a cliff or mountain; a boulder
巨石；砾石；卵石
the stream flowed through a jumble of rocks.
这条小溪流经一堆卵石。
■a stone of any size, especially one small enough to be picked up and used as a projectile
石子
■[mass noun](Brit.)a kind of hard confectionery in the form of cylindrical peppermint-flavoured sticks
(英)（胡椒薄荷味）圆筒硬棒糖
■(informal)a precious stone, especially a diamond
(非正式)宝石（尤指钻石）
■(informal)a small piece of crack cocaine
(非正式)石毒，强效可卡因块
■(rocks)(vulgar slang)a man's testicles
(粗俚)睾丸
used in similes and metaphors to refer to someone or something that is extremely strong, reliable, or hard
强壮的人；坚如磐石的事物；可靠的人（或事物）；冷酷无情的人；强硬的事物
the Irish scrum has been as solid as a rock.
苏格兰的并列争球坚如磐石。
■(一般作 rocks)(especially with allusion to shipwrecks) a source of danger or destruction
（尤指沉船事故的）隐患，祸根；危险的源头
the new system is heading for the rocks.
新的系统将碰到危险。
(rocks)(US informal, dated)money
(美，非正式，旧)钱财

常用词组
between a rock and a hard place

(informal)in a situation where one is faced with two equally difficult alternatives
(非正式)左右为难，进退两难

get one's rocks off

(vulgar slang)have an orgasm
(粗俚)达到性高潮
■obtain pleasure or satisfaction
感到兴奋；获得满足

on the rocks
informal
非正式

(of a relationship or enterprise) experiencing difficulties and likely to fail
（关系）濒于破裂的；濒临毁灭的；完蛋；（企业）遇经济困难的；（濒于）破产的
(of a drink) served undiluted and with ice cubes
（饮料）未搀杂、加有冰块的

派生
rockless
adjective
rock-like
adjective
语源

Middle English: from Old French rocque, from medieval Latin rocca, of unknown ultimate origin

rock²
verb

[with obj.]cause (someone or something) to move gently to and fro or from side to side
轻轻摇动，使轻轻摆动，使轻轻晃动
she rocked the baby in her arms.
她轻摇怀中的婴儿。
■[no obj.]move in such a way
轻摇，轻摆，轻晃
the vase rocked back and forth on its base.
那个花瓶在底座上来回轻轻晃动。
[as adj. rocking]the rocking movement of the boat.
小船的轻轻晃动。
■(with reference to a building or region) shake or cause to shake or vibrate, especially because of an impact, earthquake, or explosion
（尤指由于撞击、地震或爆炸）（使）（建筑物，地区）剧烈震动；（使）摇晃
[with obj.]a terrorist blast rocked a Tube station.
恐怖分子的爆炸使地铁站剧烈震动。
[no obj.]the building began to rock on its foundations.
房屋开始在地基上摇晃。
■cause great shock or distress to (someone or something), especially so as to weaken or destabilize them or it
（尤指为削弱某人或某物的力量或破坏其稳定）使震惊；使苦恼；使不安
diplomatic upheavals that rocked the British Empire.
扰得大英帝国惊魂不定的外交大动荡。
[no obj.](informal)dance to or play rock music
(非正式)跳摇滚舞；奏摇滚乐
■(figurative)(of a place) have an atmosphere of excitement or much social activity
(喻)欢欣雀跃，热闹非凡
the new town really rocks.
这个新城镇确实热闹非凡。
[asadj. rocking]a rocking resort.
热闹非凡的胜地。

noun

[mass noun]rock music
摇滚乐
[as modifier]a rock star.
摇滚乐歌星。
■rock and roll
摇滚乐；摇滚舞
[in sing]a gentle movement to and fro or from side to side
轻轻摇动，轻轻摇摆，轻轻摇晃
she placed the baby in the cot and gave it a rock.
她把婴儿放在小床上，轻轻摇动。

常用词组
rock the boat

见 boat

语源

late Old English roccian, probably from a Germanic base meaning 'remove, move'; related to Dutch rukken 'jerk, tug' and German rücken 'move'. The noun dates from the early 19th cent

继承用法
rock out

(informal)perform rock music loudly and vigorously
(非正式)如痴如狂地奏摇滚乐
■enjoy oneself in an enthusiastic and uninhibited way, especially by dancing to rock music
如痴如狂地跳摇滚舞

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