root

root¹
noun

the part of a plant which attaches it to the ground or to a support, typically underground, conveying water and nourishment to the rest of the plant via numerous branches and fibres
根部；根茎，地下茎
cacti have deep and spreading roots.
仙人掌有深而展开的根。
a tree root.
树根。
■the persistent underground part of a plant, especially when fleshy and enlarged and used as a vegetable, e.g. a turnip or carrot
（尤指肉质肥大，通常用作蔬菜的）根；块根
■any plant grown for such a root
根用作物
■the embedded part of a bodily organ or structure such as a hair, tooth, or nail
（头发、牙齿、指甲等的）根
her hair was fairer at the roots.
她的头发根部更显金黄。
■the part of a thing attaching it to a greater or more fundamental whole; the end or base
底部，基部
a little lever near the root of the barrel.
接近桶底的一根小杆。
the basic cause, source, or origin of something
根源，来源；原因
money is the root of all evil.
金钱是万恶之源。
jealousy was at the root of it.
嫉妒是此事的根源。
[as modifier]the root cause of the problem.
这个问题的根本原因。
■the essential substance or nature of something
根本；实质；本质
matters at the heart and root of existence.
生存的核心和根本问题。
■(roots)family, ethnic, or cultural origins, especially as the reasons for one's long-standing emotional attachment to a place or community
（尤指培育了个人对某一地点或地区居民长期深厚感情的家庭、民族及文化的）根，根子
it's always nice to return to my roots.
回到我的祖籍地总使我很高兴。
■[as modifier](roots)denoting or relating to something, especially music, from a particular ethnic or cultural origin, especially a non-Western one
（尤指音乐）（与）某一（尤指非西方的）民族或文化渊源（有关）的；有非西方民族或文化渊源的；有某一民族或文化渊源的
roots music.
有某种民族（或文化）渊源的音乐。
■(in biblical use) a scion; a descendant
(圣经)根苗，苗裔
the root of David.
以色列国王大卫的苗裔。
■(Linguistics)a morpheme, not necessarily surviving as a word in itself, from which words have been made by the addition of prefixes or suffixes or by other modification
(语言学)词根
many European words stem from this linguistic root.
许多欧洲词汇源于这个词根。
[as modifier]the root form of the word.
这个单词的词根。
■(亦作 root note)(Music)the fundamental note of a chord
(乐)根音
(Mathematics)a number or quantity that when multiplied by itself, typically a specified number of times, gives a specified number or quantity
(数)根
find the cube root of the result.
求出这个答数的立方根。
■short for square root
square root 的简称
■a value of an unknown quantity satisfying a given equation
方程根
the roots of the equation differ by an integer.
方程根会因整数不同而不同。
(Austral./NZ & Irish vulgar slang)an act of sexual intercourse
(澳/新西兰，爱尔兰，粗俚)性交
■[with adj.]a sexual partner of a specified nature or ability
（有明确性能的）性交伙伴

verb
[with obj.]

cause (a plant or cutting) to grow roots
使（植物，插枝）生根
root your own cuttings from stock plants.
从繁殖用植物上剪下枝条，插枝种植。
■[no obj.](of a plant or cutting) establish roots
（植物，插枝）生根
large trees had rooted in the canal bank.
大树在运河岸边长出根来。
(一般作 be rooted)establish deeply and firmly
扎根于，在…中根深蒂固
vegetarianism is rooted in Indian culture.
素食主义在印度文化中根深蒂固。
■(be rooted in)have as an origin or cause
根源在于，由…产生
the Latin dubitare is rooted in an Indo-European word.
拉丁文dubitare来自一个印欧语系单词。
■[with obj. and adverbial][often as adj. rooted]cause (someone) to stand immobile through fear or amazement
（因畏惧、惊奇而）生了根似的不动；一动不动
she found herself rooted to the spot in disbelief.
她发觉自己因怀疑而站在那里一动不动。
[with obj.](Austral./NZ & Irish vulgar slang)have sexual intercourse with
(澳/新西兰，爱尔兰，粗俚)与…性交
■[with obj.]exhaust (someone) or frustrate their efforts
使精疲力竭；挫败，使受挫折

常用词组
at root

basically; fundamentally
实际上，根本上，本质上
it is a moral question at root.
这实质上是个道德问题。

put down roots

(of a plant) begin to draw nourishment from the soil through its roots
（植物）扎根
■(of a person) begin to have a settled life in a particular place
（人）安家落户；开始定居下来过稳定的生活

root and branch

used to express the thorough or radical nature of a process or operation
全部的（地)，完全的（地）；彻底的（地）
root and branch reform of personal taxation.
个人所得税的彻底改革。

strike at the root (或 roots) of

affect in a vital area with potentially destructive results
摧毁…的基础，根绝
the proposals struck at the roots of community life.
这些建议根绝了社区生活。

take root

(of a plant) begin to grow and draw nourishment from the soil through its roots
（植物）生根，开始生长
■become fixed or established
扎根；被牢固树立，固定不动
the idea had taken root in my mind.
这个想法在我的头脑里扎了根。

派生
rootedness
noun
rootlet
noun
root-like
adjective
rooty
( )
adjective
语源

late Old English rōt, from Old Norse rót; related to Latin radix, also to wort

继承用法
root something out

(亦作 root something up)dig or pull up a plant by the roots
连根挖，连根拔
■find and get rid of someone or something regarded as pernicious or dangerous
根除，铲除，根绝
a campaign to root out corruption.
一场根除腐败的运动。

root²
verb

[no obj., with adverbial](of an animal) turn up the ground with its snout in search of food
（动物）用鼻（或嘴）拱土觅食
stray dogs rooting around for bones and scraps.
走失的狗用鼻拱土四处寻找骨头和残羹剩饭。
■search unsystematically through an untidy mass or area; rummage
翻找；搜寻
she was rooting through a pile of papers.
她在一堆堆文书里翻找东西。
■[with obj.](root something out)find or extract something by rummaging
找出；查出；发掘出
he managed to root out the cleaning kit.
他设法找出那套打扫用具。

noun

[in sing.]an act of rooting
翻找；搜寻；发掘
I have a root through the open drawers.
我翻找了一下拉开的抽屉。

语源

Old English wrōtan, of Germanic origin; related to Old English wrōt 'snout', German Rüssel 'snout', and perhaps ultimately to Latin rodere 'gnaw'

继承用法
root for

(informal)support or hope for the success of (a person or group entering a contest or undertaking a challenge)
(非正式)支持，赞助，声援（个人或团体参加比赛或接受挑战）
the whole of this club is rooting for him.
这个俱乐部里大家都在支持他。

root someone on

(N. Amer. informal)cheer or spur someone on
(北美，非正式)为…欢呼，喝彩；为…鼓气
his mother rooted him on enthusiastically from ringside.
他的母亲从台边区拼命为他加油。

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