scotch

scotch1
verb
  1. [withobj.]decisively put an end to
    结束；破除
    a spokesman has scotched the rumours.
    一位发言人已经辟谣。
    ■(archaic)render (something regarded as dangerous) temporarily harmless
    (古)暂时遏制（危险物）
    feudal power in France was scotched, though far from killed.
    法国的封建势力被挫败了，虽然还远没有被置于死地。
  2. [with obj. and adverbial]wedge (someone or something) somewhere
    楔入
    he soon scotched himself against a wall.
    很快他紧紧地靠在墙上。
    ■[with obj.](archaic)prevent (a wheel or other rolling object) from moving or slipping by placing a wedge underneath
    (古)用楔子楔住（轮子等滚动物体）
noun
  1. (archaic)a wedge placed under a wheel or other rolling object to prevent it moving or slipping
    (古)楔子，制动楔，制动垫块
语源
  1. early 17th cent. (as a noun): of unknown origin; perhaps related to skate. The sense 'render temporarily harmless' is based on an emendation of Shakespeare's Macbeth iii. ii. 13 as ‘We have scotch'd the snake, not kill'd it’, originally understood as a use of scotch; the sense 'put an end to' (early 19th cent.) results from the influence on this of the notion of wedging or blocking something so as to render it inoperative
scotch2
verb
  1. [with obj.](archaic)cut or score the skin or surface of
    (古)切割（或刻划）… 的表皮
noun
  1. (archaic)a cut or score in skin or another surface
    (古)（表皮上的）切口，划痕
语源
  1. late Middle English: of unknown origin
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