seigniorage

seigniorage

1. The internationalization of RMB can bring revenue of seigniorage, decrease exchange rate risk, increase international influence and some other benefits.

一国货币的国际化程度是本国经济在世界经济中地位的重要体现。

2. One way our national debt gets paid off is with the“seigniorage”of our coins.

一种可以让我们的国家摆脱债务的方式就是对我们的货币征收“铸币税”。

3. Money and Seigniorage in China

中国的货币与铸币税

4. But these issues were neither unlimited, nor were they coined free of seigniorage.

他们是精干的商人与一个保守的心态。

5. But can imagine, the United States from the world currency market gained a total of Seigniorage will be astronomical.

但可以想象，美国从世界货币市场上总计获得的铸币税必是天文数字。

6. They are a special case which will be discussed later.Our focus will be mainly on seigniorage from notes, which is quite different from the case of commodity money.

但对于前者由于资产和负债是同时增加的，并且数额相等，在货币投放时，政府并没有纯收入。

7. There are, however, limits as to the amount of seigniorage finance may take place.

但是，利用铸币税融资存在某些限制。

8. China's financial sector performed the functions of providing Seigniorage, balancing the budget deficit, substituting government investment, balancing the regional economic disparity, substituting fiscal subsidies etc.

作为“第二财政”的金融业,发挥着提供铸币收入、平衡预算赤字、替代财政投资、平衡地区差距、替代财政补贴等多项财政功能。

9. For example the US $100 bill costs about 12 cents to manufacture.Consequently seigniorage is $99.88.

例如，100美元钞票的印制成本仅为12美分，结果铸币税是99.88美元。

10. For example, say a silver coin has value $10 and its silver content and cost of manufacture is only 50 cents, then seigniorage is $9.50.

例如，面值10美元的银币，其含银量和铸造成本仅为50美分，于是铸币税为9.5美元。

11. A Reflection on the Issue of Seigniorage

关于铸币税问题的思考

12. key word: Seigniorage;

关键词：铸币税；

13. key word: Seigniorage; Deflation; Collection; Expanded domestic demand; Monetary expansion

关键词：铸币税；通货紧缩；征收；扩大内需；货币扩张

14. First, the rapid growth of seigniorage.

其一，铸币税急剧增长。

15. Using an extended tax-smoothing model,it empirically studies the relationship between seigniorage and tax-smoothing criteria in China, which denies the tax-smoothing hypothesis.

利用扩展的税收平滑模型,对我国政府的铸币税融资是否满足税收平滑假设进行了实证研究,发现结论是否定的。

16. The note-issuing banks may besue currency notes only by surrendering non-interest-bearing US dollar backing at a fixed exchange rate of 7.80. Thus the Fund enjoys the seigniorage of the currency notes.

发钞银行必须按7.80的固定汇率交出无息美元保证才可发行流通纸币，因此外汇基金享有发钞利润。

17. Can be the same as in the European Union, on the one hand to reduce the pay Seigniorage to others, on the one hand, step by step to obtain from others Seigniorage.

可以像欧盟一样，一方面减少向别人缴纳铸币税，一方面逐步从别人那里获取铸币税。

18. Seigniorage from NotesSince the Fed buys notes at cost from the Treasury, it would appear that the Fed gains the seigniorage benefits when it sells them at face value to banks.

因为在这一年度中，它的资产方显然应该是生息的（假定该利息与市场利息相等），但是负债方的货币却并不支付利息。

19. Therefore, the value of existence of a currency is shown in the form of displaying a country"s seigniorage and a country"s ability to actively control its domestic economic activities.

因此，一种货币的存在价值主要在于体现国家的主权以及赋予国家主动调控本国经济活动的能力。

20. Global Seigniorage

国际铸币税

21. At a lower level of our economic circumstances, we can only to the United States, the European Union and some other countries to pay Seigniorage.

在我们经济水平较低的情况下，我们只能向美国、欧盟及其他一些国家缴纳铸币税。

22. In this market, if nobody is using your money to do foreign exchange reserves, no one in your currency clearing tools do you use other people's money, have to pay for others Seigniorage.

在这个市场上，如果没有人拿你的货币做外汇储备，没有人用你的货币做结算工具，你要用别人的钱，就得给别人缴纳铸币税。

23. Thus the fund enjoys the seigniorage of the currency notes.

外汇基金则享有铸币收益。

24. Zhang Yuyan believe that the currency of the world's largest, is entitled to the benefits of seigniorage revenue, the internationalization of the RMB will no doubt be the sharing of the benefits.

张宇燕认为，世界货币的最大好处是可以获得铸币税收益，人民币国际化无疑可以分享这一好处。

25. Levy on Seigniorage and Improvement of Macro-efficiency of Exchange Rate Mechanism

征收铸币税改善汇率制度的宏观效率

26. The collection seigniorage, may further expand the domestic demand, promotes the economical the positive cycle.

征收铸币税，可进一步扩大内需，推动经济的良性循环。

27. We are the process of increasing foreign exchange reserves, U.S. dollars and other foreign exchange tools to do the process of settlement is paid to those countries Seigniorage process.

我们增加外汇储备的过程、用美元等外汇做结算工具的过程就是向这些国家缴纳铸币税的过程。

28. A Study on the Extended Tax-smoothing Model Between Seigniorage and Tax-Smoothing Criteria in China

扩展的税收平滑假设对我国铸币税的实证检验

29. Whether it is foreign exchange reserves, or a settlement currency, the International Monetary is a world distribution of wealth (or to obtain payment of Seigniorage) tool.

无论是外汇储备，还是结算货币，国际货币都是一个世界财富分配(缴纳或取得铸币税)的工具。

30. The early definitions of seigniorage referred to the difference in the value of a money, and its mint costs.

早期的铸币税是指货币面值与其铸造成本之间的差额。

31. The government cannot avoid returning the apparent seigniorage benefit to the private sector in the form of lower taxes, increased spending, or reduced borrowing.

根据这个推论，我们就可以充分地考察现实信用货币制度下存在的铸币税了。

32. consumer demand, and to maintain domestic price stability, but also to enjoy the benefits of seigniorage.

的消费需求，又有利于维持国内物价的稳定，同时还能享受到铸币税的好处。

33. Thirdly， the international seigniorage of dollars is enormous.

第三，美元国际流动所带来的国际铸币税是巨大的。

34. Benefits and Risks Brought by Dollar Seigniorage to the US

美元国际铸币税为美国带来的收益和风险分析

35. A Study of International Seigniorage of the US Dollar

美元的国际铸币税问题研究

36. The interest it earns on its loans and securities is almost pure profit, or “seigniorage,” most of which it remits to the Treasury.

美联储通过发放贷款和有价证券所得利息几乎是纯利，或“货币铸造税”，其中的大部分交给财政部。

37. Seigniorage, Monetary Expansion And Increasing Internal Demand

论铸币税的征收

38. On the Relationship of Financial Deficit, Seigniorage and Inflation

财政赤字、铸币收入与通货膨胀

39. An Analysis of the Seigniorage Revenues in the Monetization of Financial Deficit--Beginning with the general implication of seigniorage

财政赤字货币化过程中铸币税收益问题分析--从铸币税的一般涵义谈起

40. Over the years, China in the world currency market is paying more Seigniorage one of the countries.

这么多年来，中国在世界货币市场上，是缴纳铸币税较多的国家之一。

41. These real wealth is in the enjoyment of the Americans, the United States to us is "Seigniorage.

这些实际财富是美国人在享用，美国给我们的是“铸币税”。

42. Income by Seigniorage

铸币收入

43. Keywords seigniorage;monetization;economy growth;non-currency financing;

铸币税;货币化;经济增长;非货币性金融化;

44. The Theory and Empirical Analysis of the Correlation of Seigniorage and Financial Risk

铸币税与金融风险相关性的理论与实证分析

45. Seigniorage, as an important resource of government revenue, has a close contact with inflation tax, and is an inducement of financial risk.

铸币税作为政府收入的重要来源与通货膨胀税有着紧密联系 ,是金融风险的诱因之一。

46. Analysis of Economic Effect of Seigniorage

铸币税的经济效应分析

47. It is possible that the incisive viewpoint of“Currency Non-nationalization”and“Free Currency”predicted by Hayek (1996) may come true and seigniorage may take further changes in future.

随着电子货币的发展,哈耶克(1996)预言的“货币非国有化”和“自由货币”的精辟观点可能会变为现实,铸币税也将进一步变化。

48. And the beauty of the currency board is that you don't give up too much of the 'seigniorage" because you"re earning interest on your reserves.

，当局可挑选在国际股票市场交投活跃的股票，进行试验计划，作为一个开始。