serrulate

serrulate

1. Sepals triangular-ovate, persistent in fruit, outside glabrous or sparsely pubescent, margin irregularly serrulate, apex acute.

三角状卵形的萼片，在果期宿存，外面无毛或疏生短柔毛，有细锯齿，先端锐尖的边缘不规则。

2. Middle and lateral lobes apically acuminate, basal lobes apically acute, sinuses deeply narrowly acuminate, reaching to 2/3 or 4/5 width of blade; margin sharply serrulate.

中间和侧面裂片顶部渐尖，基部裂片顶部锐尖，凹缺深深狭渐尖，伸到叶片的2/3的或4/5的宽度；边缘锐有细锯齿。

3. Leaf blade margin serrulate to serrate or denticulate, eglandular; corolla 2.6-5 cm, glabrous inside, tube 1.7-3.4 cm.

使或具小齿成锯齿波的叶片边缘有细锯齿，无腺体；花冠2.6-5厘米，在里面无毛，筒部1.7-3.4厘米(18

4. Branches strigose; leaf blade ovate or narrowly ovate, margin dentate, denticulate, or serrulate, with entire tip; spikes usually less than 26 cm.

分枝具糙伏毛；叶片卵形或狭卵形，边缘具牙齿，具小齿，或有细锯齿的，具全缘的端部；穗状花序通常不到26厘米(35

5. 2(1) Branches terminating in a spine; leaf margin serrulate or crenate-serrate, leaf blade adaxially glabrous or subglabrous, abaxially pubescent on veins.

分枝顶生一刺；叶缘有细锯齿的或具圆齿有锯齿，叶片正面无毛或近无毛，背面具短柔毛在脉上。

6. leaves simple, opposite, lanceolate, margin serrulate;

单叶对生，披针形，细锯齿缘；

7. Leaves simple, alternate or fascicled, shortly petiolate or sessile, venation camptodromous, margin crenulate, serrulate, or entire;

单叶，互生或，具短叶柄或无梗，脉序，边缘具细圆齿，有细锯齿，或全缘；

8. pinnae ovate, base cordate or obtuse, margins serrulate.

卵形的羽片，基部心形或钝，边缘有细锯齿。

9. Leaves 3- or 5-lobed, sometimes undivided, margins remotely dentate to serrulate.

叶3-或5裂，有时不裂，边缘稀疏具牙齿到有细锯齿。

10. Leaves basal; petiole up to 3 cm; leaf blade elliptic, 2-3 cm long and 1.1-1.9 cm wide, apex rounded, base cuneate, margin serrulate, white pilose on both surfaces.

叶全部基生；叶片椭圆形，长2-3厘米，宽1.1-1.9厘米，先端圆形，基部楔形，边缘具细齿，两面被白色柔毛；叶柄长可达3厘米。

11. Leaves petiolate;leaf blade papery to membranous, secondary veins 1 or 2 on each side of midvein, tertiary veins parallel, margin usually serrulate.

叶具叶柄叶片纸质到膜质，次脉在中脉两边各1或2，平行的第三脉，边缘通常有细锯齿的。

12. Leaves petiolate;stipules filiform;leaf blade papery, basal veins usually 3, usually with linear appendages at or near base, margin serrate, serrulate, or crenate.

叶具叶柄托叶丝状叶片纸质，通常基部脉3，通常具线形的附属物在或近基部，边缘有锯齿，有细锯齿，或具圆齿的。

13. Leaves thickly leathery, obovate-elliptic to elliptic, 8-12 cm long, 4-5 cm wide, apex acute, base cuneate, glabrous, serrulate;

叶厚革质，倒卵状椭圆形至椭圆形，长8-12厘米，宽4-5厘米，先端短尖，基部楔形，无毛，边缘有细钝齿；

14. Leaves thickly leathery, obovate-elliptic to elliptic, 8-12 cm long, 4-5 cm wide, apex acute, base cuneate, glabrous, serrulate; petiole 0.6-1 cm long.

叶厚革质，倒卵状椭圆形至椭圆形，长8-12厘米，宽4-5厘米，先端短尖，基部楔形，无毛，边缘有细钝齿；叶柄长0.6-1厘米。

15. Petiole sparsely puberulent; leaf blade abaxial surface sparsely puberulent on veins, margin serrulate or inconspicuously undulate.

叶柄疏生微柔毛；背面的叶片疏生微柔毛的在脉上，边缘有细锯齿或不明显波状。

16. leaf blade entire or serrulate, penninerved.

叶片全缘或者有细锯齿，羽状脉。

17. Leaf blade ovate or suborbicular, margin serrulate, crenulate, or denticulate.

叶片卵形或近圆形，边缘有细锯齿，具细圆齿，或具小齿。(28

18. Leaf blade ovate-lanceolate, leathery, base broadly cuneate or subrounded, margin remotely serrulate and glandular distally; veins raised, midvein and 2 lateral veins more so at base.

叶片卵形披针形，革质，基部宽楔形或近圆形，有细锯齿和具腺的边缘稀疏上部；脉提高，中脉和2侧脉更多如此在基部。

19. Leaf blade ovate-elliptic, margin sparsely serrulate; young branches, petioles, and veins on abaxial leaf surface densely yellow-brown pubescent.

叶片卵形椭圆形，边缘疏生有细锯齿；在叶背面密被黄褐色短柔毛上的幼枝，叶柄和脉。

20. leaf blade glabrous, midvein extended into a caducous point, margin entire or serrulate near apex.

叶片无毛，中脉延伸进一个早落的点，边缘全缘或有近先端细锯齿的。

21. Leaf blade margin densely apiculately serrulate; bracteoles and sepals 8-10, caducous after anthesis.

叶片边缘密细尖有细锯齿；小苞片和萼片8-10，早落的在花后。

22. Leaf blade margin undulate, or crenulate, rarely distantly serrulate; sepals longer than wide; petals yellow glandular granulose adaxially at base.

叶片边缘波状，或，很少远房有细锯齿；萼片长于宽；正面的花瓣黄色具腺的粒状是在基部。(49

23. Leaf blade margin sharply serrulate.

叶片边缘锐有细锯齿。

24. Leaf blade oblong-lanceolate to ovate or lanceolate, abaxially with stellate hairs along veins, margin entire, slightly sinuate, or serrulate, apex acuminate to caudate-acuminate.

叶片长圆状披针形到卵形或披针形，背面具星状毛沿脉，边缘全缘，具深波状的稍，或有细锯齿，渐尖的先端渐尖到尾状。

25. the serrulate margin of leaves developed from the epidermis' cell wall.

叶缘的细齿由表皮细胞壁形成。

26. Leaves leathery, elliptic, 8-11 cm long, 3-5 cm wide, apex acute, base obtuse, glabrous, margin serrulate;

叶革质，椭圆形，长8-11厘米，宽3-5厘米，先端急尖，基部圆或钝，无毛，边缘有细锯齿；

27. Leaves leathery, elliptic, 8-11 cm long, 3-5 cm wide, apex acute, base obtuse, glabrous, margin serrulate; petiole 0.8-1.2 cm long.

叶革质，椭圆形，长8-11厘米，宽3-5厘米，先端急尖，基部圆或钝，无毛，边缘有细锯齿；叶柄长8-12毫米。

28. Leaves leathery, elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, 5-10 cm long and 1.5-3.5 cm wide, margin entire or sparsely serrulate near apex.

叶革质，长椭圆形或长圆状披针形，长5-10厘米，宽1.5-3.5厘米，全缘或近先端有稀疏锯齿。

29. Leaves opposite, rarely also alternate or whorled, entire, serrulate, or crenate, stipulate.

对生的叶，轮生，全缘，有细锯齿，或具圆齿，具托叶。

30. Leaflets 4-8 pairs, ovate-lanceolate, margin serrulate to subentire, apex acuminate. Peduncle much longer than pedicels. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Oct.

小叶4-8对，卵状披针形，边缘有细锯齿到近全缘，先端渐尖。花序梗远长于花梗。花期6月8月，果期8月10月。

31. Leaflets abaxially glabrous except in axils of midvein and secondary veins, margin entire to minutely serrulate;

小叶背面无毛除中脉和次脉，对稍有细锯齿的边缘全缘的在腋处之外；

32. serrulate seta

小锯齿刚毛(动)

33. serrulate subspiral seta

小齿次旋刚毛(动)

34. Leaves caudate-acuminate, margin nearly entire or closely serrulate, abaxially glabrous; inflorescence 10-15-flowered; restricted to Taiwan.

尾状渐尖的叶，接近有细锯齿的边缘近全缘或，背面无毛；花序10-15花；限制到台湾。

35. Stipules greenish, 5-12 mm; leaf margin sharply serrulate or crenate; achene with a colored ring or smooth.

带绿色的托叶，5-12毫米；叶缘锐的有细锯齿的或具圆齿；有一彩色的环或平滑的瘦果。(45

36. blades adaxially blackish brown when dry, papery, abaxially with tufts of hairs in lateral vein axils, margin serrulate;

干燥时的叶片正面微黑的棕色，纸质，背面具1束毛在侧脉腋，边缘有细锯齿；

37. Young branches, petioles, and veins on abaxial leaf surface densely yellow-brown pubescent. Leaf blade ovate-elliptic, margin sparsely serrulate.

幼枝，叶柄，和脉在叶背面上密被黄褐色短柔毛。卵状椭圆形的叶片，有细锯齿的边缘疏生。

38. 23(22) Current year branchlets 2-ribbed, glabrous; terminal buds densely grayish white pubescent; leaf blade margin densely serrulate.

当年小枝2肋，无毛；浓密的顶芽浅灰色的白色短柔毛；叶片边缘密有细锯齿。

39. Characteristics: Prostrate herb, stem usually green to red. Leaves simple, obovate to oblong, 3-8 mm long, 2-4.6 mm wide, acute to round at apex, serrulate at margin; fruit a capsule.

形态：匍伏草本，植株常带有暗红色。单叶对生，倒卵形至椭圆形，3-8公厘长，2-4.6公厘宽，先端锐至圆形，细锯齿缘；蒴果。

40. Characteristics: Evergreen shrub, bisexual, to 4 m tall, plants with dense and short hairs; leaves simple, opposite, lanceolate, margin serrulate; spikes axially, flowers monoecious; fruit an achene.

形态：常绿灌木，可达4公尺高，全株披短毛；单叶对生，披针形，细锯齿缘；穗状花序，雌雄同株但异花序，小花密生；瘦果。

41. stipules caducous;leaflets subcoriaceous, petioluled, margin serrulate.

托叶早落小叶近革质，具小叶柄，边缘有细锯齿。

42. This species is widely cultivated as an ornamental (Pampas Grass). The sharply serrulate leaf margins cut skin very easily.

本种是作为一块观赏的(南美平原草地)的广泛栽培。锐的有细锯齿的叶缘非常容易割破皮。

43. Plants without glandular hairs; leaflets sharply serrulate; apex of sepals acute; aggregate fruit golden yellow.

没有腺毛的植株；小叶锐有细锯齿；萼片的先端锐尖；聚合果金黄色。(67

44. 13(12) Lateral lobes apically shortly obtuse or obsolete, rarely acute, margin closely serrulate.

短顶部侧面裂片钝或废退，很少锐尖，接近给镶边。

45. Cymes 1-6-flowered; bract margins entire to dentate or serrulate; calyx lobes unequal.

聚伞花序1-6开花；苞片边缘全缘到具牙齿的或有细锯齿；萼裂片不等长。(12

46. petals 5, white, as long as sepals, serrulate;

花瓣5，白色，等长于萼片，有细锯齿；

47. bracts narrowly ovate, small, ca. 5 mm, margin serrulate.

苞片狭卵形，小，约5毫米，边缘有细锯齿。

48. Sepals 4, rarely 5, lateral ones smaller, nephroid-semiorbicular, margin irregularly serrulate;

萼片4，很少5的，侧生者小，肾形半圆形的，边缘有不规则细锯齿；

49. serrulate plate

齿状突