short

short
adjective
  1. measuring a small distance from end to end
    （长度）短的
    short, dark hair.
    短的黑头发。
    a short flight of steps.
    很短的一段台阶。
    the bed was too short for him.
    对他来说，这张床太短。
    ■(of a journey) covering a small distance
    （行程）短的，距离近的
    the hotel is a short walk from the sea.
    宾馆离海边不远。
    ■(of a garment or sleeves on a garment) only covering the top part of a person's arms or legs
    （衣服，袖子）短的
    a short skirt.
    短裙。
    ■(of a person) small in height
    （人）矮的
    he is short and tubby.
    他矮墩墩的。
    ■(of a ball in cricket, a shot in tennis, etc.) travelling only a small distance before bouncing
    （板球、网球等）短球的
    he uses his opportunities to attack every short ball.
    他利用机会出击每一个短球。
    ■(Cricket)(of a ball) pitching relatively near the bowler
    (板球)（球）投在投手附近的
    ■(Cricket)denoting fielding positions relatively close to the batsman
    (板球)靠近击球手位置的
    short midwicket.
    靠近击球手位置的投手右前野。
  2. lasting or taking a small amount of time
    （时间）短暂的
    visiting London for a short break.
    参观伦敦，作短暂的休息。
    a short conversation.
    简短的对话。
    ■[attrib.]seeming to last less time than is the case; passing quickly
    短促的；急速的
    in 10 short years all this changed.
    一晃十年，一切都变了。
    ■(of a person's memory) retaining things for only a small amount of time
    （记忆力）差的
    he has a short memory for past misdeeds.
    对他过去所做的坏事，他只是依稀记得。
    ■(Stock Exchange)(of stocks or other securities or commodities) sold in advance of being acquired, with reliance on the price falling so that a profit can be made
    (股票)（股票、其他证券或商品）靠跌价获取利润的
    ■(Stock Exchange)(of a broker, position in the market, etc.) buying or based on such stocks or other securities or commodities
    (股票)（经纪人或市场状况等）卖空的；空头交易的
    ■denoting or having a relatively early date for the maturing of a bill of exchange
    （证券）即将到期的
  3. relatively small in extent
    （内容）简短的
    a short speech.
    简短的演说。
    he wrote a short book.
    他写了一本小书。
    ■[predic.](short of/on)not having enough of (something); lacking or deficient in
    不足的；不够的；缺少的；有缺陷的
    they were short of provisions.
    他们供应短缺。
    I know you're short on cash.
    我知道你缺钱。
    ■[predic.]in insufficient supply
    供应不足的
    food is short.
    食物供应短缺。
    ■[predic.](of a person) terse; uncivil
    （人）简慢的；粗暴无礼的
    he was often sharp and rather short with her.
    他经常很尖刻，对她粗暴无礼。
  4. (Phonetics)(of a vowel) categorized as short with regard to quality and length (e.g. in standard British English the vowel ʊ in good is short as distinct from the long vowel uː in food)
    (语音)短元音的
    ■(Prosody)(of a vowel or syllable) having the lesser of the two recognized durations
    (诗韵)（元音，音节）持续时间短的
  5. (of odds or a chance) reflecting or representing a high level of probability
    （可能性，机会）概率大的
    they have been backed at short odds to win thousands of pounds.
    他们一直得到支持，有望赢得数千英镑。
  6. (of pastry) containing a high proportion of fat to flour and therefore crumbly
    （糕点）松脆的
    ■(of clay) having poor plasticity
    （粘土）粘性差的
adverb
  1. (chiefly in sport) at, to, or over a relatively small distance
    （尤指体育运动）短距离地
    you go deep and you go short.
    你往深处游，不要游远了。
    ■not as far as the point aimed at; not far enough
    达不到目标地；不够远
    all too often you pitch the ball short.
    你时常投球不够远。
noun
  1. (Brit. informal)a strong alcoholic drink, especially spirits, served in small measures
    (英， 非正式)烈酒；少量烈酒
  2. a short film as opposed to a feature film
    短片电影
    ■a short sound such as a short signal in Morse code or a short vowel or syllable
    短音符；短元音；短音节
    her call was two longs and a short.
    她的叫声是两声长，一声短。
    ■a short circuit
    短路
  3. (Stock Exchange)a person who sells short
    (股票)卖空的人
    ■(shorts)(Stock Exchange)short-dated stocks
    (股票)短期证券
  4. (shorts)a mixture of bran and coarse flour
    细麸粉
verb
  1. short-circuit or cause to short-circuit
    （使）短路
    [no obj.]the electrical circuit had shorted out.
    电路短路。
    [with obj.]if the contact terminals are shorted, the battery quickly overheats.
    如果接触终端短路，电池很快过度发热。
常用词组
be caught (或英 taken) short
  1. be put at a disadvantage
    被置于不利地位
    the troubled company has been caught short by price competition in a recession-stricken market.
    这家麻烦重重的公司由于受到价格竞争，在萧条的市场中处于不利地位。
    ■(Brit. informal)urgently need to urinate or defecate
    (英，非正式)急于小便（或大便）
a brick short of a load, two sandwiches short of a picnic, etc.
  1. (informal)(of a person) stupid; crazy
    (非正式)（指人）愚蠢的
    she's two bricks short of a load.
    她太笨了。
bring (或 pull) someone up short
  1. make someone check or pause abruptly
    使突然受阻（或中断）
    he was entering the office when he was brought up short by the sight of John.
    他正要进办公室，突然见到约翰而止步。
come short
  1. fail to reach a goal or standard
    未达到目标（或标准）
    we're so close to getting the job done, but we keep coming up short.
    我们就快把工作做完了，但是还是未能达到目标。
    ■(S. African)get into trouble
    (南非)遇到麻烦
    if you try to trick him you'll come short.
    你想耍弄他，是自惹麻烦的。
for short
  1. as an abbreviation or nickname
    作为简称（或绰号）
    the File Transfer Protocol, or FTP for short.
    文件传输协议，或简称为ftp。
get (或 have) someone by the short and curlies (或 short hairs)
  1. (informal)have complete control of a person
    (非正式)完全控制某人
go short
  1. not have enough of something, especially food
    （尤指食物）短缺
    you won't go short when I die.
    我死后你不会缺衣少食的。
in short
  1. to sum up; briefly
    简而言之
    he was a faithful, orthodox party member; a Stalinist in short.
    他是一个非常忠实的、正派的党员，简而言之，是一个斯大林主义者。
in short order
  1. (chiefly US)immediately; rapidly
    (主美)立刻；迅速
    after the killing the camp had been shut down in short order.
    在发生残杀之后，营地马上关闭了。
in the short run
  1. in the near future
    在不远的将来
in short supply
  1. scarce
    缺少
in the short term
  1. in the near future
    在不远的将来
little (或nothing) short of
  1. almost (or equal to); little (or nothing) less than
    差不多；等于；一点也不少于
    he regarded the cost of living as little short of scandalous.
    在他看来，生活费用几乎是骇人听闻的。
make short work of
  1. accomplish, consume, or destroy quickly
    快速实现（或消费、毁坏）
    we made short work of our huge portions.
    我们很快吃掉份量很大的食物。
short and sweet
  1. brief and pleasant
    短暂愉快的
    his comments were short and sweet.
    他的评论很短、很愉悦。
the short end of the stick
  1. an outcome in which one has less advantage than others
    不尽如人意的结果
short for
  1. an abbreviation or nickname for
    …的简称（或绰号）
    I'm Robbie—short for Roberta.
    我是罗比——罗伯塔的简称。
short of
  1. less than
    少于；不及
    he died at sixty-one, four years short of his pensionable age.
    他61岁去世，离他领养老金还差4年。
    ■not reaching as far as
    未达到
    a rocket failure left a satellite tumbling in an orbit far short of its proper position.
    火箭发射失败导致一颗卫星脱离正常位置，在轨道上翻转。
    ■without going so far as (some extreme action)
    未能（实现极端行为）
    short of putting out an all-persons alert, there's little else we can do.
    未能消除全民警惕，我们什么事都做不了。
short of breath
  1. panting; short-winded
    呼吸短促的；气喘的
short, sharp shock
  1. 见 shock
stop short
  1. stop suddenly or abruptly
    突然（或意外）停止
stop short of
  1. not go as far as (some extreme action)
    未能实现（极端行为）
    the measures stopped short of establishing direct trade links.
    这些措施未能最终建立直接的贸易联系。
派生
shortish
adjective
shortness
noun
语源
  1. Old English sceort, of Germanic origin; related to shirt and skirt
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