start

start
verb
  1. [no obj.]come into being; begin or be reckoned from a particular point in time or space
    发生；开始
    the season starts in September.
    该季节始于九月。
    we ate before the film started.
    我们在电影开始前吃的饭。
    below Roaring Springs the real desert starts.
    在罗灵斯普林斯以南才是真正沙漠的开始。
    ■[with infinitive or present participle]embark on a continuing action or a new venture
    着手，从事，开始做（已进行的动作或新事业）
    I started to chat to him.
    我开始与他聊天。
    we plan to start building in the autumn.
    我们计划在秋季动工。
    ■use a particular point, action, or circumstance as an opening for a course of action
    出发点，起首，开端
    the teacher can start by capitalizing on children's curiosity.
    老师可以利用孩子们的好奇心作为出发点。
    I shall start with the case you mention first.
    我可以从你首先提到的那件事开始。
    ■[no obj., with adverbial of direction]begin to move or travel
    开始走；启程，动身，出发
    we started out into the snow.
    我们冒着雪出发了。
    he started for the door.
    他向门边走去。
    ■[with obj.]begin to attend (an educational establishment) or engage in (an occupation, especially a profession)
    开始（上学）；从事（某项职业）
    she will start school today.
    她今天要开始上学。
    he started work at a travel agent.
    他开始在一家旅行社工作。
    ■begin one's working life
    开始从事工作
    he started as a mess orderly.
    他刚工作时是当炊事兵。
    he started off as doctor in the house.
    他刚开始是做住院医生。
    ■[with obj.]begin to live through (a period distinguished by a specified characteristic)
    开始度过，开始生活
    they started their married life.
    他们开始过婚姻生活。
    ■cost at least a specified amount
    起始；起头
    fees start at around £300.
    费用起码要300英镑左右。
  2. [with obj.]cause (an event or process) to happen
    使开始，使发生
    two men started the blaze which caused the explosion.
    两人引燃的火苗导致爆炸。
    those women started all the trouble.
    所有这些麻烦全是由那些女人引起的。
    ■bring (a project or an institution) into being; cause to take effect or begin to work or operate
    开办，创办；使生效；开始工作（或运行）
    I'm starting a campaign to get the law changed.
    我正在发起一场运动以改变那项法律。
    ■cause (a machine) to begin to work
    开动，发动（机器）
    we had trouble starting the car.
    我们发动汽车遇到麻烦。
    he starts up his van.
    他发动了面包车。
    ■[no obj.](of a machine or device) begin operating or being used
    （机器，装置）开始运行；开始启动
    the noise of a lorry starting up.
    卡车的噪音开始响起来。
    there was a moment of silence before the organ started.
    在风琴响起来以前有一会儿很安静。
    ■cause or enable (someone or something) to begin doing or pursuing something
    使开始做，使从事
    his father started him off in business.
    他父亲开始让他做生意。
    [with obj. and present participle]what he said started me thinking.
    他的话引起了我的思考。
    ■give a signal to (competitors) to start in a race
    向（竞赛者）发起跑信号
  3. [no obj.]give a small jump or make a sudden jerking movement from surprise or alarm
    惊起，惊跳
    ‘Oh my!’ she said, starting.
    她吃惊地说：“哦！我的天。”。
    ■[no obj., with adverbial of direction](poetic／literary)move or appear suddenly
    (诗／文)突然出现；突然移动
    she had seen Meg start suddenly from a thicket.
    她曾看到梅格从一片灌木丛中突然走了出来。
    ■(of eyes) bulge so as to appear to burst out of their sockets
    （眼睛）突起，鼓出
    his eyes started out of his head like a hare's.
    他的眼睛像兔眼一样从脸上鼓起。
    ■be displaced or displace by pressure or shrinkage
    （通过压力或收缩）使松动，使脱落；
    [noobj.]the mortar in the joints had started.
    连接处的泥灰已经脱落了。
    ■[with obj.]rouse (game) from its lair
    使（猎物）离巢，驱赶（猎物）出巢穴
noun
[usu. insing.]
  1. the point in time or space at which something has its origin; the beginning of something
    开始，开端
    he takes over as chief executive at the start of next year.
    明年年初他接任主管。
    the event was a shambles from start to finish.
    那件事自始至终一团糟。
    his bicycle was found close to the start of a forest trail.
    他的自行车是在靠近林中一条小道的起始处被发现的。
    ■the point or moment at which a race begins
    起跑线；起跑时间
    make sure you are not over the line at the start.
    开始，着手。
    ■an act of beginning to do or deal with something
    开始，着手
    I can make a start on cleaning up.
    我可以开始打扫卫生。
    an early start enabled us to avoid the traffic.
    早出发可以使我们避开交通堵塞。
    ■used to indicate that a useful initial contribution has been made but that more remains to be done
    良好开端，好的开始
    if he would tell her who had put him up to it, it would be a start.
    如果他愿意告诉她是谁怂恿他干那件事的，那么这将是一个好的开端。
    ■a person's position or circumstances at the beginning of their life, especially a position of advantage
    有利形势，有利条件
    she's anxious to give her baby the best start in life.
    她渴望给她的宝宝一生中最好的开端。
    ■an advantage consisting in having set out in a race or on journey earlier than one's rivals or opponents
    （赛跑或旅行中）先起跑的优势；先出发的优势
    he would have a ninety-minute start on them.
    他有比他们早出发90分钟的优势。
  2. a sudden movement of surprise or alarm
    惊跳，惊起
    she awoke with a start.
    她猛然惊醒。
    the woman gave a nervous start.
    那女人吓得神经兮兮的。
    ■(dated)a surprising occurrence
    (旧)惊人的事
    you hear of some rum starts there.
    你会听到一些那里的怪人怪事。
常用词组
don't start (或 don't you start)
  1. (informal)used to tell someone not to grumble or criticize
    (非正式)告诉（某人）不要发牢骚（或指责）
    don't start—I do my fair share.
    不要发牢骚，我做我应该做的那一份。
for a start
  1. (informal)used to introduce or emphasize the first or most important of a number of considerations
    (非正式)首先；一开始
    this side are at an advantage—for a start, there are more of them.
    这一边处于优势，首先是他们人更多。
get the start of
  1. (dated)gain an advantage over
    (旧)比…居先，比…占优势
start a family
  1. conceive one's first child
    开始怀第一个孩子
start a hare
  1. 见 hare
start something
  1. (informal)cause trouble
    (非正式)惹是生非
to start with
  1. at the beginning of a series of events or period of time
    开始时，一开始
    she wasn't very keen on the idea to start with.
    开始时她对那想法不感兴趣。
    ■as the first thing to be taken into account
    首先
    to start with, I was feeling down.
    首先，我感到情绪低落。
语源
  1. Old English styrtan 'to caper, leap', of Germanic origin; related to Dutch storten 'push' and German stürzen 'fall headlong, fling'. From the sense 'sudden movement' arose the sense 'initiation of movement, setting out on a journey' and hence 'beginning of a process, etc.'
继承用法
start in
  1. (informal)begin doing something, especially talking
    (非正式)开始做（尤指开始说）
    people groan when she starts in about her acting ambitions.
    当她开始表达当演员的志向时，人们报以不满的哼哼声。
    ■(start in on)(N. Amer.)begin to do or deal with
    (北美)开始去做
    she started in on her face.
    她开始化妆。
    ■(start in on)(N. Amer.)attack verbally; begin to criticize
    (北美)用言语攻击；开始批判
start off (或 start someone/thing off)
  1. begin (or cause someone or something to begin) working, operating, or dealing with something
    （使）开始；（使）从事
    treatment should start off with attention to diet.
    治疗首先应该从注意饮食开始。
    what started you off on this search?.
    是什么使你开始这项研究的。
    ■(start off) begin a meal
    开始吃饭
    she started off with porridge .
    她先喝了些粥。
start on
  1. begin to work on or deal with
    开始进行；着手处理
    I'm starting on a new book .
    我正开始写一本新书。
  2. (informal)begin to talk to someone, especially in a critical or hostile way
    (非正式)开始吵架；开始用言语抨击
    she started on about my not having proper furniture.
    她开始指责我没有合适的家具。
start over
  1. (N. Amer.)make a new beginning
    (北美)重新开始
    could you face going back to school and starting over?.
    你能面对返回学校重新开始读书吗。
start out (或 up)
  1. embark on a venture or undertaking, especially a commercial one
    着手，开始从事（某事业，尤指商业）
    the company will start out with a hundred employees.
    这个公司开业时将雇用100名员工。
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