substitute

substitute
noun

a person or thing acting or serving in place of another
代替者；代替物
soya milk is used as a substitute for dairy milk.
豆浆可用作牛奶的替代品。
■a sports player nominated as eligible to replace another after a match has begun
替补队员
■a person or thing that becomes the object of love or another emotion which is deprived of its natural outlet
情感替代者（或物）
a father substitute.
替代父亲的人。
■(Scots Law)a deputy
(苏格兰律)副职
a sheriff substitute.
副行政司法长官。

verb
[with obj.]

use or add in place of
用…代替
dried rosemary can be substituted for the fresh herb.
干迷迭香可用来代替鲜草。
■[no obj.]act or serve as a substitute
接替，替代
I found someone to substitute for me.
我找到了一个人接替我。
■replace (someone or something) with another
用（另外的人，物）替代
customs officers substituted the drugs with another substance.
海关官员用另外一种东西替换了毒品。
this was substituted by a new clause.
这由一个新条款替换了。
■replace (a sports player) with a substitute during a match
（比赛中）替换（运动员）
he was substituted eleven minutes from time.
比赛结束前11分钟他被换下。
■(Chemistry)replace (an atom or group in a molecule, especially a hydrogen atom) with another
(化)取代（分子中的一个或一组原子，尤指氢原子）
■[as adj. substituted](Chemistry)(of a compound) in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by other atoms or groups
(化)（化合物中的一个或几个氢原子被其他原子或原子团）取代
a substituted terpenoid.
替代的萜烯。

派生
substitutability
noun
substitutable
adjective
substitutive
adjective
语源

late Middle English (denoting a deputy or delegate): from Latin substitutus 'put in place of', past participle of substituere, based on statuere 'set up'

用法

Traditionally, the verb substitute is followed by for and means ‘put (someone or something) in place of another’, as in she substituted the fake vase for the real oneFrom the late 17th century substitute has also been used with with or by to mean ‘replace (something) with something else’, as in she substituted the real vase with the fake oneThis can be confusing, since the two sentences shown above mean the same thing, yet the object of the verb and the object of the preposition have swapped positions. Despite the potential confusion, the second, newer use is well established, especially in some scientific contexts, and, though still disapproved of by traditionalists, is now generally regarded as part of normal standard English

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