supernumerary

supernumerary
[ˌs(j)uːpəˈnjuːm(ə)r(ə)ri]
adjective
  1. present in excess of the normal or requisite number, in particular
    定额以外的,额外的,尤指
    ■(of a person) not belonging to a regular staff but engaged for extra work
    (人)编外的
    ■not wanted or needed; redundant
    多余的
    books were obviously supernumerary, and he began jettisoning them.
    书明显多余了,所以他开始向外扔书。
    ■(Botany & Zoology)denoting a structure or organ occurring in addition to the normal ones
    (植,动)(结构,器官)多余的
    a pair of supernumerary teats.
    一对多余的乳头。
    ■(of an actor) appearing on stage but not speaking
    (演员)无台词的,跑龙套的
(pl. -ies)
  1. a supernumerary person or thing
    多余的人(或物)
语源
  1. early 17th cent.: from late Latin supernumerarius ('soldier) added to a legion after it is complete', from Latin super numerum 'beyond the number'
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