sweat

sweat
noun

[mass noun]moisture exuded through the pores of the skin, typically in profuse quantities as a reaction to heat, physical exertion, fever, or fear
汗，汗水
■[count noun]an instance of exuding moisture in this way over a period of time
出汗
even thinking about him made me break out in a sweat.
甚至一想到他都会让我出一身冷汗。
we'd all worked up a sweat in spite of the cold.
尽管天很冷，但我们还是练出了一身汗。
■[count noun](informal)a state of flustered anxiety or distress
(非正式)焦急；痛苦
I don't believe he'd get into such a sweat about a girl.
我不相信他会为一个女孩子这么焦躁不安。
■(informal)hard work; effort
(非正式)费力的事；努力
computer graphics take a lot of the sweat out of animation.
计算机图形使动画变得容易多了。
■[in sing.](informal)a laborious task or undertaking
(非正式)苦活
helping to run the meeting was a bit of a sweat.
帮助操办这个会议真是个苦差事。
(sweats)(chiefly N. Amer.). informal term for sweatsuit or sweatpants
(主北美，非正式)。同 sweatsuit 或 sweatpants
■[as modifier]denoting loose casual garments made of thick, fleecy cotton
（用羊毛似的厚棉布做的）宽松休闲服装
sweat tops and bottoms.
仿羊毛上衣和裤子。

(past and past participle sweated 或美 sweat)

[no obj.]exude sweat
出汗
he was sweating profusely.
他汗如雨下。
■[with obj.](sweat something out/off)get rid of (something) from the body by exuding sweat
通过排汗排除
a well-hydrated body sweats out waste products more efficiently.
水分充足的躯体能更有效地通过排汗排出废物。
■[with obj.]cause (a person or animal) to exude sweat by exercise or exertion
（通过运动或费力）使（人，动物）出汗
cold as it was, the climb had sweated him.
尽管天冷，但爬山仍然使他出了汗。
■(of food or an object) ooze or exude beads of moisture on to its surface
（食品，物体）渗出水分
cheese stored at room temperature will quickly begin to sweat.
奶酪在室温下储存很快就会向外渗水的。
■(of a person) exert a great deal of strenuous effort
（人）拼命干
I've sweated over this for six months.
为这件事我已经拼命干了６个月了。
■(of a person) be or remain in a state of extreme anxiety, typically for a prolonged period
（人）（多指长时间的）处于极度焦虑中
I let her sweat for a while, then I asked her out again.
我先让她焦虑了一阵，然后再一次约她出来。
■[with obj.](US)(informal)worry about (something)
(美，非正式)担心
he's not going to have a lot of time to sweat the details.
他不会有太多时间去担心这些细节问题的。
[with obj.]heat (chopped vegetables) slowly in a pan with a small amount of fat, so that they cook in their own juices
慢火加少许油在锅里煮（切好的蔬菜）
sweat the celery and onions with olive oil and seasoning.
用橄榄油和调料慢煮芹菜和洋葱。
■[no obj.](of chopped vegetables) be cooked in this way
（切好的蔬菜）加少许油慢火煮
let the chopped onion sweat gently for five minutes.
把切好的洋葱用慢火煮5分钟。
[with obj. and adverbial]subject (metal) to surface melting, especially to fasten or join by solder without a soldering iron
熔焊（金属）
the tyre is sweated on to the wooden parts.
轮胎被熔焊在木部件上。

常用词组
break sweat (或美 break a sweat)

(informal)exert oneself physically
(非正式)累得筋疲力尽

by the sweat of one's brow

by one's own hard work, typically manual labour
靠自己辛苦劳动（多指体力劳动）

don't sweat it

(US informal)used to urge someone not to worry
(美，非正式)别担心

no sweat

(informal)used to convey that one perceives no difficulty or problem with something
(非正式)一点都不困难；不必担心
‘We haven't any decaf, I'm afraid.’ ‘No sweat.’.
“恐怕我们没有脱咖啡因的咖啡了。”“不用担心。”。

sweat blood

(informal)make an extraordinarily strenuous effort to do something
(非正式)累死累活地干
she's sweated blood to support her family.
她为了养家拼命工作。
■be extremely anxious
极度焦虑
we've been sweating blood over the question of what is right.
我们一直都在就什么是对的这个问题感到极度焦虑。

sweat buckets

(informal)sweat profusely
(非正式)汗如雨下

sweat bullets

(N. Amer. informal)be extremely anxious or nervous
(北美，非正式)非常焦虑（或担心）

sweat it out

(informal)endure an unpleasant experience, typically one involving physical exertion in great heat
(非正式)忍受（痛苦的经历，多指在炎热的环境中进行的重体力劳动）
about 1,500 runners are expected to sweat it out in this year's run.
预计大约会有1,500名赛跑者将在今年的比赛中艰苦拼搏。
■wait in a state of extreme anxiety for something to happen or be resolved
焦急地等待（事情的发生或解决）
he sweated it out until the lab report was back.
他焦急地一直等到实验室的报告出来。

sweat the small stuff

(US informal)worry about trivial things
(美，非正式)为小事担心

语源

Old English swāt (noun), swǽtan (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch zweet and German Schweiss, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin sudor

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