temper

temper
noun

[in sing.]a person's state of mind seen in terms of their being angry or calm
心情，情绪；性情，脾气
he rushed out in a very bad temper.
他气急败坏地冲出去。
■a tendency to become angry easily
易怒的性情，易发脾气的性格
I know my temper gets the better of me at times.
我知道自己有时会控制不住发脾气。
■an angry state of mind
生气，怒气
Drew had walked out in a temper.
德鲁生气地走出去了。
[mass noun]I only said it in a fit of temper.
我只是一时气愤说了出来。
[mass noun]the degree of hardness and elasticity in steel or other metal
（钢等的）硬度，强度，韧度；回火性
the blade rapidly heats up and the metal loses its temper.
刀身迅速变热，金属就失去了硬度。

verb
[with obj.]

improve the hardness and elasticity of (steel or other metal) by reheating and then cooling it
使回火，锻炼（钢等金属）
■improve the consistency or resiliency of (a substance) by heating it or adding particular substances to it
锻炼（物质的硬度、弹性）
(常作 be tempered with)serve as a neutralizing or counterbalancing force to (something)
缓和；调剂
their idealism is tempered with realism.
他们的理想主义中因现实主义有所冲淡。
tune (a piano or other instrument) so as to adjust the note intervals correctly
给（钢琴等）调音；调整（音阶）

常用词组
keep (或 lose) one's temper

out of temper

派生
temperer
noun
语源

Old English temprian 'bring something into the required condition by mixing it with something else', from Latin temperare 'mingle, restrain oneself'. Sense development was probably influenced by Old French temprer 'to temper, moderate'. The noun originally denoted a proportionate mixture of elements or qualities, also the combination of the four bodily humours, believed in medieval times to be the basis of temperament, hence sense 1 (late Middle English). Compare with temperament

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