toll

toll¹
[təʊl]
noun

a charge payable for permission to use a particular bridge or road
（桥梁或道路的）通行费
motorway tolls.
高速公路通行费。
[as modifier]a toll bridge.
收费桥梁。
■(N. Amer.)a charge for a long-distance telephone call
(北美)长途电话费
[in sing.]the number of deaths, casualties, or injuries arising from particular circumstances, such as a natural disaster, conflict, or accident
伤亡人数
the toll of dead and injured mounted.
死伤人数上升。
■the cost or damage resulting from something
（付出的）代价；（遭受的）损失，破坏
the environmental toll of the policy has been high.
这项政策使环境遭受的破坏很大。

verb

[with obj.][usu. as noun tolling]charge a toll for the use of (a bridge or road)
收取（桥梁或道路的）通行费
the report advocates motorway tolling.
该报告主张收取高速公路通行费。

常用词组
take its toll (或 take a heavy toll)

have an adverse effect, especially so as to cause damage, suffering, or death
造成损失（或危害、伤亡）
years of pumping iron have taken their toll on his body.
多年举重使他的身体受到伤害。

语源

Old English (denoting a charge, tax, or duty), from medieval Latin toloneum, alteration of late Latin teloneum, from Greek telōnion 'toll house', from telos 'tax'. Sense 2 (late 19th cent.) arose from the notion of paying a toll or tribute in human lives (to an adversary or to death)

toll²
[təʊl]
verb

[no obj.](of a bell) sound with a slow, uniform succession of strokes, as a signal or announcement
（钟）缓慢而有规律地鸣响
the bells of the cathedral began to toll for evening service.
教堂的钟开始敲响，宣布晚祷礼拜就要开始。
■[with obj.]cause (a bell) to make such a sound
（缓慢而有规律地）敲（钟）
■(of a bell) announce or mark (the time, a service, or a person's death)
鸣钟报告（时辰、仪式或死亡）
the bell of St Mary Le Bow began to toll the curfew.
圣玛丽勒布的钟开始鸣报宵禁。

noun

[in sing.]a single ring of a bell
（一记）钟声

语源

late Middle English: probably a special use of dialect toll 'drag, pull'

英语宝典

热门查询

英语宝典

考试词汇表

　