drum

drum¹
noun

a percussion instrument sounded by being struck with sticks or the hands, typically cylindrical, barrel-shaped, or bowl-shaped with a taut membrane over one or both ends
鼓
■(drums)a drum kit
配套鼓钹（一套乐鼓）
■(drums)the percussion section of a band or orchestra
（乐队或乐团的）打击乐组
■[in sing.]a sound made by or resembling that of a drum
鼓声，打鼓似的声音
the drum of their feet.
他们笃笃的步伐声。
■(historical)a military drummer
(史)军鼓手
something resembling or likened to a drum in shape, in particular
鼓状物，尤指
■a cylindrical container or receptacle
桶，圆柱形容器。参见 oil drum
a drum of powdered bleach.
一桶漂白粉。
■a rotating cylindrical part in a washing machine, in which the washing is placed
（洗衣机的）洗衣桶，滚筒
■a similar cylindrical part in certain other appliances
（某些电器中的）筒，滚筒
■(Architecture)the circular vertical wall supporting a dome
(建)（穹顶的）鼓形墙座
■(Architecture)a stone block forming part of a column
(建)（建柱子用的）圆鼓石
■(Austral./NZ)a tramp's bundle of belongings
(澳／新西兰)（流浪者的）行李卷
(Brit. informal)a house or flat
(英，非正式)房子；公寓
■(Austral, informal)a brothel
(澳，非正式)妓院
an evening or afternoon tea party of a kind that was popular in the late 18th and early 19th century
（18世纪末、19世纪初流行的）傍晚茶会，下午茶会
(Austral．informal)a piece of reliable inside information
(澳，非正式)内部消息
he had got the drum that the police wouldn't lock us up.
他得到内部消息说警察不会把我们关起来。

(drummed, drumming)

[no obj.]play on a drum
打鼓，击鼓
■make a continuous rhythmic noise
击鼓似的响，发出有节奏的连续声响
she felt the blood drumming in her ears.
她感觉血液在耳朵里搏动。
[as noun drumming]the drumming of hooves.
马蹄的笃笃声。
■[with obj.]beat (the fingers, feet, etc.) repeatedly on a surface, especially as a sign of impatience or annoyance
（尤指不耐烦地）用（手指、脚等）不停敲击，拍击
waiting around an empty table, drumming their fingers.
他们围坐在空桌子前，手指不停地敲着桌面。
■(of a woodpecker) strike the bill rapidly on a dead trunk or branch, especially as a sound indicating a territorial claim
（啄木鸟为宣示对枯树干或枯树枝的占有权而）连续急速啄击
■(of a snipe) vibrate the outer tail feathers in a diving display flight, making a throbbing sound
（鹬鸟为求偶做俯冲飞行）突突地振尾羽
[with obj.](Austral informal)give (someone) reliable information or a warning. see sense 5 of the noun
(澳，非正式)给…通消息，提醒
I'm drumming you, if they come I'm going.
我提醒你，如果他们来我就走。

常用词组
beat (或 bang) the drum of (或 for)

be ostentatiously in support of
大张旗鼓地支持，大力支持，极力鼓吹
he bangs the drum of the free market.
他极力鼓吹自由市场。

语源

Middle English: from Middle Dutch or Low German tromme, of imitative origin

继承用法
drum something into

drive a lesson into (someone) by constant repetition
反复讲，灌输
it had been drummed into them to dress correctly.
他们曾被反复地告知要正确着装。

drum someone out

expel or dismiss someone with ignominy from a place or institution
轰走，开除
he was drummed out of the air force.
他被空军开除。

drum something up

attempt to obtain something by canvassing or soliciting
（以游说）竭力争取
the organizers are hoping to drum up support from local businesses.
组织者想要竭力争取地方企业的支持。

drum²
noun

(Scottish& Irish)a long narrow hill, especially one separating two parallel valleys
(苏格兰，爱尔兰)山脊

语源

early 18th cent.: from Scottish Gaelic and Irish druim 'ridge'

drum³
(亦作 drumfish)
(复同单，或 drums)

a fish that makes a drumming sound by vibrating its swim bladder, found mainly in estuarine and shallow coastal waters
石首鱼（能振鳔发出似击鼓的声音，出没于港湾或沿岸浅海区）。亦称 croaker
Family Sciaenidae (the drum family): many species, including the black drum (Pogonias cromis) of the western Atlantic. The drum family also includes the mulloway and a number of marine fishes that resemble salmon (e.g. the weakfish)
石首鱼科：多种，包括西大西洋的多须石首鱼（拉丁名Pogonias cromis）。石首鱼科还包括南极石首鱼和大量似鲑鱼的海鱼（如银牙鱼）

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