have

have
(has; past and past participle had )
verb
[with obj.]

(亦作 have got)possess, own, or hold
拥有，持有
he had a new car and a boat.
他拥有新车和游艇。
have you got a job yet?.
你现在有工作了吗？。
I don't have that much money on me.
我身上没有那么多钱。
■possess or be provided with (a quality, characteristic, or feature)
具有（品质、特点或特色）
the ham had a sweet, smoky flavour.
这火腿有一种香甜的烟熏味。
she's got blue eyes.
她有一双蓝眼睛。
the house has gas-fired central heating.
这房子有燃气中央供暖系统。
■(have oneself)(informal, chiefly N. Amer.)(非正式，主北美)provide or indulge oneself with (something)
自己享用；放纵自己做
he had himself two highballs.
他享用了两杯冰镇威士忌。
■be made up of; comprise
由…构成，组成
in 1989 the party had 10,000 members.
1989年该党有10,000名党员。
■used to indicate a particular relationship
［用于表示某种关系］有
he's got three children.
他有三个孩子。
do you have a client named Peters?.
你有一个叫彼得斯的客户吗？。
■be able to make use of (something available or at one's disposal)
可以有，可利用
how much time have I got for the presentation?.
我可以用多少时间作陈述？。
■have gained (a qualification)
获得（资格）
he's got a BA in English.
他获得了英语学士学位。
■possess as an intellectual attainment; know (a language or subject)
懂得（知识、语言或学科）
he knew Latin and Greek; I had only a little French.
他懂拉丁语和希腊语，我只会一点法语。
experience; undergo
经历，体验
I went to a few parties and had a good time.
我去参加了几个派对，玩得很开心。
I was having difficulty in keeping awake.
我那时睏得不得了。
■(亦作 have got)suffer from (an illness, ailment, or disability)
患有（疾病，不适，残疾）
I've got a headache.
我头痛。
■(亦作 have got)let (a feeling or thought) come into one's mind; hold in the mind
有（感觉，想法）
he had the strong impression that someone was watching him.
他强烈感到有人在监视他。
we've got a few ideas we're kicking around.
我们正在讨论几个想法。
■[with past participle]experience or suffer the specified action happening or being done to (something)
遭遇（某物）被
she had her bag stolen.
她的包被偷了。
■[with obj. and complement]cause (someone or something) to be in a particular state or condition
使处于
I want to have everything ready in good time.
我希望及时做好一切准备。
I had the TV on with the sound turned down.
我让电视机开着，但音量调低了。
■(亦作 have got)(informal)have put (someone) at a disadvantage in an argument (said either to acknowledge that one has no answer to a point or to show that one knows one's conversant has no answer)
(非正式)［用于承认自己对某一问题无法作出解释或表示自己知道谈话对方无法就某一问题作出解释］难倒（某人）
you've got me there; I've never given the matter much thought.
在这个问题上你把我难倒了，我从来没有怎么考虑过这事。
■[with past participle]cause (something) to be done for one by someone else
让（某事物）被
it is advisable to have your carpet laid by a professional.
你最好让专业人员来给你铺地毯。
■tell or arrange for (someone) to do something for one[with obj. and infinitive]
吩咐（某人）做；安排（某人）做
he had his bodyguards throw Chris out.
他吩咐保镖把克里斯撵走。
she's always having the builders in to do something or other.
她老是把建筑工人叫来做这做那的。
■(一般作 be had)(informal)cheat or deceive (someone)
(非正式)欺骗（某人）
I realized I'd been had.
我意识到我上当了。
■(vulgar slang)have sexual intercourse with
(粗俚)与…性交
(have to 或 have got to do something)be obliged or find it necessary to do the specified thing
不得不，必须做
you don't have to accept this situation.
你不一定非得容忍这种情况不可。
sorry, we've got to dash.
对不起，我们必须立刻就走。
■[with obj. and usu. with infintive]need or be obliged to do (something)
必须做，需要做
he's got a lot to do.
他有很多事要做。
■be strongly recommended to do something
［用于表示强烈建议］无论如何应该，真应该
if you think that place is great, you have to try our summer house.
如果你认为那地方了不起，那么你真该来住住我们的夏季别墅。
■be certain or inevitable to happen or be the case
肯定（或必然）会发生；肯定（或必然）如此
there has to be a catch.
这里肯定有蹊跷。
perform the action indicated by the noun specified (used especially in spoken English as an alternative to a more specific verb)
［后接表示动作的名词，尤用于口语中代替动词］做（某一动作）
he had a look round.
他四下看了看。
the colour green has a restful effect.
绿色有宁静的效果。
■organize and bring about
组织，举行，进行
are you going to have a party?.
你要举行宴会吗？。
■eat or drink
吃；喝
they had beans on toast.
他们吃吐司加青豆。
■give birth to or be due to give birth to
分娩，生产
she's going to have a baby.
她就要生孩子了。
(亦作 have got)show (a personal attribute or quality) by one's actions or attitude
显示出（个人特性，品质）；具有
he had little patience with technological gadgetry.
他对科技新玩意儿什么的很不喜欢。
[with obj. and infinitive]you never even phoned, and now you've got the cheek to come back.
你就连电话都没打来过一次，现在倒还有脸回来。
■[often in imperative]exercise or show (mercy, pity, etc.) towards another person
向某人表示（仁慈、怜悯等）
God have mercy on me!.
上帝怜悯我吧！。
■[with negative]not accept; refuse to tolerate
不接受，拒绝容忍
I can't have you insulting Tom like that.
我不能容忍你这样侮辱汤姆。
(亦作 have got)[with obj. and adverbial of place]place or keep (something) in a particular position
把（某物）放在（或搁在）
Mary had her back to me.
玛丽背对着我。
I soon had the trout in a net.
我很快把鲑鱼抓到网里。
■hold or grasp (someone or something) in a particular way
以某种方式抓住
he had me by the throat.
他卡住我的脖子。
be the recipient of (something sent, given, or done)
收到
she had a letter from Mark.
她收到马克的一封信。
■take or invite into one's home so as to provide care or entertainment, especially for a limited period
（尤指短期）在家里照顾（或招待）
we're having the children for the weekend.
我们的孩子来过周末。

auxiliary verb

used with a past participle to form the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses, and the conditional mood
［与过去分词一起构成现在完成时态、过去完成时态、将来完成时态及条件句中］
I have finished.
我完成了。
he had asked her.
他问过她了。
she will have left by now.
她现在应该已经离开了。
I could have helped, had I known.
当时我要是知道的话，我可能就帮忙了。
‘Have you seen him?’ ‘Yes, I have.’.
“你见到他了吗？”“见到了”。

noun

(the haves)(informal)people with plenty of money and possessions
(非正式)有钱人
an increasing gap between the haves and have-nots.
富人和穷人之间越来越大的差距。
[in sing.](Brit. informal, dated)a swindle
(英，非正式，旧)诈骗

常用词组
have a care (或 an eye 等)

见 care, eye，等

have got it bad (或 badly)

(informal)be very powerfully affected emotionally, especially by love
(非正式)因感情（尤指爱情）问题深受煎熬
■be in a situation where one is treated badly or exploited
处于苦难中；深受折磨

have had it
informal
非正式

be in a very poor condition; be beyond repair or past its best
状态极差；无法修复；已过全盛期
the car had had it.
这辆汽车没用了。
■be extremely tired
筋疲力尽
■have lost all chance of survival
失去了活命的可能；行将毙命
when the lorry smashed into me, I thought I'd had it.
当货车撞上我时，我想我死定了。
be unable to tolerate someone or something any longer
忍无可忍
I've had it with him—he's humiliated me once too often!.
我对他已忍无可忍——他羞辱得我够多的了。

have it

[with clause]express the view that (used to indicate that the speaker is reporting something which they do not necessarily believe to be fact)
据说
rumour had it that although he lived in a derelict house, he was really very wealthy.
传言说虽然他住在破败的房子里，他其实很有钱。
win a decision, especially after a vote
（尤指投票之后）对决议投赞成票者获胜
the ayes have it.
对决议投赞成票者占多数。
have found the answer to something
获得答案
‘I have it!’ Rosa exclaimed.
“我有办法啦！”罗莎大声说。

have it away (on one's toes)

(Brit. informal)leave quickly
(英，非正式)开溜

have it away or off

(Brit. vulgar slang)have sexual intercourse
(英，粗俚)性交，交媾

have it both ways

见 both

have got it in for

(informal)feel a particular dislike of (someone) and behave in a hostile manner towards them
(非正式)厌恶（某人）

have got it in one to do something

(informal)have the capacity or potential (to do something)
(非正式)有能力做成某事
everyone thinks he has it in him to produce a literary classic.
大家都认为他有创作经典文学作品的潜力。

have it out

(informal)attempt to resolve a contentious matter by confronting someone and engaging in a frank discussion or argument
(非正式)（与…面对面）说理；（当面）把事情说个明白
give her the chance of a night's rest before you have it out with her.
让她休息一晚上你再当面向她说个明白。

have a nice day

(chiefly US)used to express good wishes when parting
(主美)［道别时用于表示良好的祝愿］祝你愉快

have got nothing on
informal
非正式

be not nearly as good as (someone or something), especially in a particular respect
（尤指在某一方面）远不如（某人或某事物）好
(have nothing 或 something on someone)know nothing (or something) discreditable or incriminating about someone
没有（或有）（某人）的把柄；不知道（或知道）某人做过不名誉的事（或违法的事）
I am not worried—they've got nothing on me.
我不担心，他们抓不住我的把柄。

have nothing to do with

见 do

have one too many

见 many

have got something to oneself

be able to use, occupy, or enjoy something without having to share it with anyone else
独享

have —— to do with

见 do

语源

Old English habban, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch hebben and German haben, also probably to heave

用法

1 Have and have got: there is a great deal of debate on the difference between these two forms; a traditional view is that have got is chiefly British, but not correct in formal writing, while have is chiefly American. Actual usage is more complicated: have got is in fact also widely used in US English. In both British and US usage have is more formal than have got and it is more appropriate in writing to use constructions such as don't have rather than haven't got.
2 A common mistake is to write the word of instead of have or 'veI could of told you that instead of I could've told you thatThe reason for the mistake is that the pronunciation of have in unstressed contexts is the same as that of of, and the two words are confused when it comes to writing them down. The error was recorded as early as 1837 and, though common, is unacceptable in standard English.
3 Another controversial issue is the insertion of have where it is superfluous, as for example I might have missed it if you hadn't have pointed it outrather than the standard … if you hadn't pointed it outThis construction has been around since at least the 15th and 16th centuries, but only where a hypothetical situation is presented (e.g. statements starting with if). More recently, there has been speculation among grammarians and linguists that this insertion of have may represent a kind of subjunctive and is actually making a useful distinction in the language. However, it is still regarded as an error in standard English

常用词组
have at

tackle or attack forcefully or aggressively
攻击，打击

have someone on

(Brit. informal)try to make someone believe something that is untrue, especially as a joke
(英，非正式)（尤指开玩笑时）骗人（相信不实之事）
that's just too neat—you're having me on.
说得倒好—你是在骗我吧。

have got something on

be wearing something
穿着
she had a blue dress on.
她穿着蓝色裙子。
(Brit.)be committed to an arrangement
(英)致力于，忙于
I've got a lot on at the moment.
我现在正忙着呢。

have something out

undergo an operation to extract a part of one's body
经外科手术（或被开刀）除去体内某物

have someone up

(一般作 had up)(Brit. informal)(英，非正式)bring someone before a court of justice to answer for an alleged offence
使出庭受审
you can be had up for blackmail.
你可以因勒索罪被起诉。

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