shake

shake
(past shook ; past participle shaken )
  1. [no obj.](of a structure or area of land) tremble or vibrate
    （结构或地域）摇动；晃动；颤动；震动
    buildings shook in Sacramento and tremors were felt in Reno.
    萨克拉门托的建筑物晃动，里诺能感到小震。
    ■[with obj.]cause to tremble or vibrate
    使摇动；使晃动；使颤动；使震动
    a severe earthquake shook the area.
    这个地区发生了严重地震。
    ■(of a person, part of the body, or the voice) tremble uncontrollably from a strong emotion such as fear or anger
    （人的身体或声音因恐惧或发怒等强烈情感而）发抖；颤抖；哆嗦
    Luke was shaking with rage.
    卢克气得直发抖。
    her voice shook with passion.
    她激动得声音颤抖。
  2. [with obj.]move (an object) up and down or from side to side with rapid, forceful, jerky movements
    使劲甩动；猛力摇动；急剧晃动
    she stood in the hall and shook her umbrella.
    她站在大厅里，使劲挥甩她的伞。
    ■[with obj. and adverbial]remove (an object or substance) from something by movements of this kind
    抖掉，抖出
    they shook the sand out of their shoes.
    他们使劲抖出鞋里的沙子。
    ■(informal)get rid of or put an end to (something unwanted)
    (非正式)除掉；摆脱；结束
    he was unable to shake off the memories of the trenches.
    他摆脱不了对战壕的回忆。
    ■grasp (someone) and move them roughly to and fro, either in anger or to rouse them from sleep
    （因发怒或为弄醒对方而）晃动；摇醒
    [with obj. and complement]he gently shook the driver awake and they set off.
    他轻轻推醒司机，然后他们就出发了。
    ■brandish in anger or as a warning; make a threatening gesture with
    愤怒地挥舞；警告性地挥舞；威胁性地挥舞
    men shook their fists and shouted.
    人们挥舞着拳头，大声喊叫。
  3. [with obj.]upset the composure of; shock or astonish
    使心绪不安；扰乱；使震惊
    rumours of a further loss shook the market.
    再度亏损的谣言扰乱了市场。
    the fall shook him up quite badly.
    这次跌倒使他大受震动。
    [as adj. shaken]a visibly shaken band were allowed back on stage.
    明显受到震惊的乐队被允许重回舞台。
    ■[with obj. and adverbial]cause a change of mood or attitude by shocking or disturbing (someone)
    （通过惊吓或干扰而使心情或态度）改变
    he had to shake himself out of his lethargy.
    他不得不振作精神摆脱倦怠。
    ■weaken or impair (confidence, a belief, etc.), especially by shocking or disturping
    （通过惊吓或干扰而使信心或信念）削弱，动摇
    the escalation in costs is certain to shake the confidence of private investors.
    成本逐步上升一定会削弱私人投资者的信心。
noun
  1. an act of shaking
    摇动；晃动
    with a shake of its magnificent antlers the stag charged down the slope.
    摇晃了一下它那漂亮的角，牡鹿冲下了山坡。
    [mass noun]camera shake causes the image to become blurred.
    照相机晃动造成图像模糊。
    ■(informal)an earth tremor
    (非正式)地震
    ■an amount of something that is sprinkled by shaking a container
    （摇动容器后的）撒出物
    add a few shakes of sea salt and black pepper.
    再撒点海盐和黑胡椒。
    ■short for milkshake
    milkshake的简称
    ■(the shakes)(informal)a fit of trembling or shivering
    (非正式)一阵颤抖（或发抖）
    I wouldn't go in there, it gives me the shakes.
    我不会进那儿，那会让我紧张不安的。
  2. (Music)a trill
    (乐)颤音
  3. (N. Amer.)a kind of rough wooden shingle, used especially on rustic buildings
    (北美)（尤用于乡村建筑的）木制盖屋板；木制墙面板
    cedar shakes.
    雪松木墙面板。
常用词组
get (或 give ) someone a fair shake
  1. (informal)get (or give someone) just treatment or a fair chance
    (非正式)公正对待
    I do not believe he gave the industry a fair shake.
    我不相信他公正地对待了该产业。
in two shakes (of a lamb's tail)
  1. (informal)very quickly
    (非正式)迅速，马上，立刻
    I'll be back to you in two shakes.
    我马上就回来。
more —— than one can shake a stick at
  1. (informal)used to emphasize the largeness of an amount
    (非正式)大量
    a team with more experience than you can shake a stick at.
    一支经验丰富的球队。
no great shakes
  1. (informal)not very good or significant
    (非正式)并不出色的，普通的
    it is no great shakes as a piece of cinema.
    作为一部影片它没有什么特别的。
shake the dust off one's feet
  1. leave indignantly or disdainfully
    愤怒地离开；轻蔑地离开
shake hands (with someone) (或 shake someone by the hand或 shake someone's hand)
  1. clasp someone's right hand in one's own at meeting or parting, in reconciliation or congratulation, or as a sign of agreement
    握手
shake one's head
  1. turn one's head from side to side in order to indicate refusal, denial, disapproval, or incredulity
    摇头（表示拒绝、否认、不赞成或怀疑）
    she shook her head in disbelief.
    她不相信地摇了摇头。
shake (或 quake) in one's shoes (或 boots)
  1. tremble with apprehension
    恐惧地颤抖
shake a leg
  1. (informal)make a start; rouse oneself
    (非正式)开始；振作起来
    come on, shake a leg. .
    快，振作起来！。
语源
  1. Old English sc(e)acan (verb), of Germanic origin
继承用法
shake down
  1. become established in a new place or situation; settle down
    适应新地方，适应新环境；安顿
    it was disruptive to the industry as it was shaking down after deregulation.
    对这产业会造成一些混乱，因为它正在逐步适应解除管制后的新形势。
shake someone down
  1. (N. Amer. informal)extort money from someone
    (北美，非正式)向某人敲诈钱财
shake something down
  1. cause something to fall or settle by shaking
    摇落；震倒
shake someone off
  1. get away from someone by shaking their grip loose
    摆脱
    ■manage to evade or outmanoeuvre someone who is following or pestering one
    （设法）甩掉（跟踪者，纠缠者）
    he thought he had shaken off his pursuer.
    他想他已经甩掉了追他的人。
    ■(in sport, especially a race) outdistance another competitor
    （体育比赛，尤指竞速赛）把（对手）抛在后面
    in the final lap she looked as though she had shaken off the Dutch girl.
    最后一圈时，她看上去好像已经把荷兰姑娘抛在后面了。
shake something off
  1. successfully deal with or recover from an illness or injury
    摆脱（伤病）；康复
    Sheedy has shaken off a calf injury.
    希迪的小腿伤康复了。
shake on
  1. (informal)confirm (an agreement) by shaking hands
    (非正式)握手（成交）
    they shook on the deal.
    他们握手成交了。
shake something out
  1. empty something out by shaking a container
    （从器皿中）把…抖出；摇出
    he shook out a handful of painkillers.
    他摇出一把止痛片。
    ■(figurative)get rid of or abandon an attitude or practice
    (喻)废除，摒弃（观念，做法）
    we are going to shake out the old attitudes.
    我们将抛弃陈旧态度。
  2. spread or open something such as a clothor garment by shaking it
    抖开
    she shook out the newspaper.
    她抖开报纸。
    ■restore something crumpled to its natural shape by shaking
    把（皱乱物）抖平，抖直，抖成原状
    she undid her helmet and shook out her frizzled hair.
    她摘下头盔，抖顺了卷曲的乱发。
    ■(Sailing)unwind or untie a reef to increase the area of a sail
    (航海)展开，打开（缩帆）
shake someone up
  1. rouse someone from lethargy, apathy, or complacency
    使振作；使清醒
    he had to do something to shake the team up—we lacked spark.
    他必须采取措施使队伍振作起来——我们缺少活力。
shake something up
  1. mix ingredients by shaking
    摇匀
    use soap flakes shaken up in the water to make bubbles.
    将肥皂片在水中摇匀，产生肥皂泡。
  2. make radical changes to the organization or structure of an institution or system
    彻底改组（组织、机构或体系）
    he presented plans to shake up the legal profession.
    他提出了彻底改组律师行业的计划。
shakeable
adjective
  1. (also shakable)
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