that

that
(pl. those )

used to identify a specific person or thing observed or heard by the speaker
［指已看到或听到的人或事］那，那个
that's his wife over there.
在那儿的那个人是他妻子。
hello, is that Ben?.
喂，是本吗？。
■referring to the more distant of two things near to the speaker (the other, if specified, being identified by ‘this')
［指两个中较远的一个，与“这”、“这个”相对］那，那个
this is stronger than that.
这比那牢固。
referring to a specific thing previously mentioned, known, or understood
［指已提到或互相明白的事情］那，那个
that's a good idea.
那是个好主意。
what are we going to do about that?.
那事儿我们该怎么办？。
[often with clause]used in singling out someone or something and ascribing a distinctive feature to them
［指特别提起的、有特色的人或事］那，那种
it is part of human nature to be attracted to that which is aesthetically pleasing.
为令人愉悦的美的东西所吸引是人类的天性。
his appearance was that of an undergrown man.
他的外表看起来是还未发育完全的那种人。
they care about the rights of those less privileged than themselves.
他们关心弱势群体的权益甚过于他们自己。
(informal, chiefly Brit.)expressing strong agreement with a description just given
(非正式，主英)［表赞同］就那样
‘He's a fussy man.’ ‘He is that.’.
“他是个爱挑剔的人。”“可不是嘛。”。
(pl. that)[relative pronoun]used to introduce a defining clause, especially one essential to identification
［引导限定性定语从句］那
■instead of ‘which’, ‘who’, or ‘whom’
［替代‘which’,‘who’或‘whom’］
the woman that owns the place.
拥有这地方的那个女人。
■instead of ‘when’ after an expression of time
［置于表示时间的名词之后替代‘when’］
the year that Anna was born.
安娜出生的那一年。

(pl. those )

used to identify a specific person or thing observed or heard by the speaker
［指已看到或听到的人或事物］那，那个
look at that chap there.
瞧那儿的那个家伙。
how much are those brushes?.
那些刷子多少钱？。
■referring to the more distant of two things near to the speaker (the other, if specified, being identified by ‘this')
［指两者中较远的一个，与“这”、“这个”相对］那，那个
referring to a specific thing previously mentioned, known, or understood
［指已提到或互相明白的东西］那，那个
he lived in Mysore at that time.
他那时住在印度的迈索尔。
seven people died in that incident.
七人死于那次事件。
[usu. with clause]used in singling out someone or something and ascribing a distinctive feature to them
［指特别提起的、有特色的人或事物］那，那种
I have always envied those people who make their own bread.
我总是羡慕那些自己做面包的人。
referring to a specific person or thing assumed as understood or familiar to the person being addressed
［指对方明白、熟悉的人或事物］那，那个
where is that son of yours?.
你们的那个儿子在哪儿？。
I let him spend all that money on me.
我让他把那笔钱都花我身上。
Dad got that hunted look.
爸爸的神情如遭追捕般惊恐。

adverb

[as submodifier]to such a degree; so
那样，那么
I wouldn't go that far.
我不会走那么远。
■used with a gesture to indicate size
（以手势比划大小）那么，那样
it was that big, perhaps even bigger.
是那么大，也许还大些。
■[with negative](informal)very
(非正式)很，非常
he wasn't that far away.
他离这儿不很远。

conjunction

introducing a subordinate clause expressing a statement or hypothesis
［引导表示陈述、假设的从句］…（可能）是
she said that she was satisfied.
她说她满足了。
it is possible that we have misunderstood.
我们可能误会了。
■expressing a reason or cause
［表示原因、理由］因为，由于
he seemed pleased that I wanted to continue.
因为我想继续下去，他看起来开心了。
■expressing a result
［表示结果］以至于
she was so tired that she couldn't think.
她累得无法思考。
■[usu. with modal]expressing a purpose, hope, or intention
［表示目的］为了，以便
we pray that the coming year may be a year of peace.
我们祈祷来年平安。
I eat that I may live.
我吃是为了活着。
[usu. with modal](poetic/literary)expressing a wish or regret
(诗/文)［表示希望、遗憾］真希望；竟然
oh that he could be restored to health.
噢，真希望他能恢复健康。

常用词组
and all that (或 and that)

(informal)and that sort of thing; and so on
(非正式)以及其他一切；等等
other people depend on them for food and clothing and all that.
其他人指望着他们提供吃、穿及诸如此类的东西。

at that

见 at

like that

of that nature or in that manner
那一类的；那样地
we need more people like that.
我们需要更多那样的人。
don't talk like that.
别那样说话。
(informal)with no preparation or introduction; instantly or effortlessly
(非正式)毫无准备地；马上；不费力地
he can't just leave like that.
他不能那样说走就走。

not all that ——

not very ——
不太…，不很…
it was not all that long ago.
是在不太久之前。

that is (或that is to say)

a formula introducing or following an explanation or further clarification of a preceding word or words
那就是，即，就是说，换句话说
androcentric—that is to say, male-dominated—concepts.
以男子为中心的观念，即大男子主义思想。
He was a long-haired kid with freckles. Last time I saw him, that is.
他是个留着长发，脸上长着雀斑的孩子。我上次见他的时候是这样子的。

that said

even so (introducing a concessive statement)
（引导让步说法）即便如此
It's just a gimmick. That said, I'd love to do it.
那只是个小花招，即便如此，我愿意干。

that's it

见it

that's that

there is nothing more to do or say about the matter
就这样了；不必多说了

—— that was

as the specified person or thing was formerly known
那就是原来的…
General Dunstaple had married Miss Hughes that was.
邓斯特普尔将军娶的就是原来的休斯小姐。

that will do

no more is needed or desirable
那就够了（或行了）

语源

Old English thæt, nominative and accusative singular neuter of se 'the', of Germanic origin; related to Dutch dat and German das

用法

1 The word that can be omitted in standard English where it introduces a subordinate clause, as in she said (that) she was satisfiedIt can also be dropped in a relative clause where the subject of the subordinate clause is not the same as the subject of the main clause, as in the book (that) I've just writtenthe book’ and ‘I’ are two different subjects). Where the subject of the subordinate clause and the main clause are the same, use of the word that is obligatory, as in the woman that owns the placethe woman’ is the subject of both clauses).
2 It is sometimes argued that, in relative clauses, that should be used for non-human references, while who should be used for human referencesa house that overlooks the park but the woman who lives next doorIn practice, while it is true to say that who is restricted to human references, the function of that is flexible. It has been used for human and non-human references since at least the 11th century. In standard English it is interchangeable with who in this context.
3 Is there any difference between the use of that and which in sentences such as any book that gets children reading is worth havingand any book which gets children reading is worth having. The general rule is that, in restrictive relative clauses, where the relative clause serves to define or restrict the reference to the particular one described, whichcould replace that. However, in non-restrictive relative clauses, where the relative clause serves only to give additional information, that cannot be usedthis book, which is set in the last century, is very popular with teenagers but not this book, that is set in the last century, is very popular with teenagers

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