trench

trench
noun
  1. a long, narrow ditch
    （长而窄的）沟，沟渠
    ■such a ditch dug by troops to provide a place of shelter from enemy fire
    战壕，堑壕
    ■(trenches)a connected system of such ditches forming an army's line
    堑壕阵地
    ■(the trenches)the battlefields of northern France and Belgium in the First World War
    一战时期法国北部和比利时的堑壕战
    the slaughter in the trenches created a new cynicism.
    堑壕战的杀戮催生了新犬儒主义。
  2. (亦作ocean trench)a long, narrow, deep depression in the ocean bed, typically one running parallel to a plate boundary and marking a subduction zone
    海沟，海底沟
    ■a trench coat
    战壕雨衣
verb
  1. [with obj.]dig a trench or trenches in (the ground)
    在（地）上开沟；在…上挖战壕
    she trenched the terrace to a depth of 6 feet.
    她在阶地里挖了个六英尺深的沟。
    ■turn over the earth of (a field or garden) by digging a succession of adjoining ditches
    翻（田地，花园）的地
  2. [no obj.](trench on/upon)(archaic)border closely on; encroach up
    (古)接近；侵犯
    this would surely trench very far on the dignity and liberty of citizens.
    这一定会极大地侵犯公民的尊严和自由。
语源
  1. late Middle English (in the senses 'track cut through a wood' and 'sever by cutting'): from Old French trenche (noun), trenchier (verb), based on Latin truncare (see truncate)
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